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ing the auimal. When the hemorrhage is from the lungs it is accom- 

 panied by coughing ; the blood is frothy and comes from both nostrils. 

 Whereas when the bleeding is merely from a rupture of a vessel in 

 some part of the head (heretofore described as bleeding from the nose) 

 the blood is most likely to issue from one nostril only, and the discharge 

 is not accompanied by coughing. The ear may be placed against the 

 windpipe along its course, and if the blood is from the lungs a gurg- 

 ling or rattling sound will be heard. When it occurs in connection with 

 another disease it seldom requires special treatment. When caused by 

 accident or overexertion the animal should be kept quiet. If the cougli 

 is frequent or paroxysmal a dose composed of 2 ounces of tincture of 

 opium in 8 ounces of raw linseed oil may be given to allay the irrita- 

 bility, which may stop the hemorrhage by checking the cough. If the 

 hemorrhage is profuse and continues for several hours 1 dram of the 

 acetate of lead dissolved in a pint of water may be given as a drench, 

 or 1 ounce of the tincture of the perchloride of iron, diluted with a 

 pint of water, may be given instead of the lead. It is rare that the 

 hemorrhage is so profuse as to require internal remedies. But hem- 

 orrhage into the lung may occur and cause death by suffocation without 

 the least manifestation of it by the discharge of blood from the nose. 



CONSUMPTION. 



Pulmonary consumption, " the same as phthisis or consumption in 

 man," has been described by European authors as affecting the horse. It 

 is mentioned here merely to give the writer an opportunity to say that 

 he never saw a case of it, and never conversed with a veterinarian on 

 the subject who has met with a case in the horse. This fact does not 

 prove that the horse is exempt from the disease, but it at least proves 

 that it must be rare indeed. 



DROPSY OF THE LUNG. 



This condition has been noticed as a result of heart disease, and as it 

 is said, almost invariably to terminate fatally, no further notice of it 

 is necessary here. 



HEAVES — BROKEN WIND— ASTHMA. 



Much confusion exists in the popular mind in regard to the nature of 

 broken wind. Many horsemen apply the term to all ailments where 

 the breathing is difncult or noisy. Scientific veterinarians are well ac- 

 quainted with the phenomena and locality of the affection, but there is 

 a great diversity of opinion as regards the exact cause. Asthma is 

 generally thought to be due to spasm of the small circular muscles that 

 surround the bronchial tubes. The continued existence of this affec- 

 tion of the muscles leads to a paralysis of them, and is considered one 

 of the primary stages of broken wind. 



Some eminent veterinarians maintain that the exciting cause of broken 

 wind is due to a lesion of the pneumogastric nerve. That there is good 

 foundation for this opinion there can be no doubt. The pneumogastric 

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