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contract, then pause for a moment, then complete the act of contracting, 

 thus making a double bellows-like movement at each expiration, a sort 

 of jerky motion with every breath. When the animal is exerted a 

 wheezing noise accomiianies the breathing. This noise may be heard 

 to a less extent when the animal is at rest if the ear be applied to the 

 chest. 



As before remarked, indigestion is always present in these cases. 

 The animal has a depraved appetite, as shown by a desire to eat dirt 

 and soiled bedding, which he often devours in preference to the clean 

 food in the trough or manger. The stomach is liable to be overloaded 

 with indigestible food. The abdomen may assume that form called 

 "pot-bellied." The animal frequently passes wind, which is of a very 

 offensive odor. Attacks of colic may occur, which in some cases are 

 fatal. When first put to work dung is passed frequently ; the bowels 

 are often loose. The animal can not stand much work, as the muscular 

 system is soft. Eound chested horses are said to be predisposed to the 

 disease, and it is certain that in cases of long standing the chest usually 

 becomes rounder than natural. 



Certain "smart" individuals become very expert in managing a horse 

 affected with " heaves" in suppressing the symptoms for a short time. 

 They take advantage of the fact that the breathing is much easier when 

 the stomach and intestines are empty. They also resort to the use of 

 medicines that have a depressing effect. When the veterinarian is ex- 

 amining a horse for soundness, and he suspects that the animal has 

 been " fixed," he usually gives the horse as much water as he will drink 

 and then has him ridden or driven rapidly up a hill or on a heavy road. 

 This will bring out the characteristic breathing of " heaves." All 

 broken- winded horses have the cough peculia,r to the affection, but it is 

 not regular. A considerable time may elapse before it is heard and 

 then it may come on in i)aroxysms, especially when first brought out of 

 the stable into the cold air, or when excited by work, or after a drink of 

 cold water. The cough is usually the first symptom of the disease. 



Treatment. — When the disease is established there is no cure for it. 

 Proper attention paid to the diet will relieve the distressing symptoms 

 to a certain extent, but they will undoubtedly reappear in their inten- 

 sity the first time the animal overloads the stomach or is allowed food 

 of bad quality. Putting aside all theories in regard to the primary 

 cause of the affection, it is generally admitted that it is closely allied to 

 derangement of the digestive organs, most j)articularly the stomach. 

 This being the fact, it is but reasonable to infer that if the animal is 

 allowed nothing but food of the best quality the predisposition to 

 "heaves" is lessened. Clover hay and bulky food generally, which, as 

 a rule, contains but little nutriment, have much to do with the cause of 

 the disease, and therefore should be entirely omitted when the animal 

 is affected, as well as before. A high authority asserts that the disease 

 is unknown where clover hay is never used. The diet should be con- 

 fined to food of the best quality and in the tsmallest quantity. The had 



