502 



and by the uindcly, dull tiut wliicli is characteristic throughout the dis- 

 ease. 



Suddenly, without the preliminary rides which precede grave lesion 

 of the lungs in other diseases, the blowing murmur of pneumonia is 

 heard over a variable area of the chest, usually", however, much more 

 distinctly over the trachea at the base of the neck and directly behind 

 the shoulder on either side of the chest. In some cases the evidence 

 of lung lesion can only be detected over the trachea. The body tem- 

 perature has now reached 101°, 105°, F. or in extreme cases even a de- 

 gree higher. The debility of the animal is great witlioutthe stupefac- 

 tion or evidence of cerebral trouble, which is constant with such grave 

 constitutional j)heuomeua iu influenza or severe pueumouias. The ani- 

 mal is subject to occasional chills, and on movement staggers in its gait. 

 The yellow coloration of the visible mucous membrane is rendered pale 

 by infiltration of the liquid of the blood into the tissues ; the pulse may 

 become so soft as to be almost imperceptible, the heart movement aud 

 sounds being at the same time exaggerated. The animal loses flesh 

 rapidly, aud dropsies of the extremities, of the under surface of the 

 belly, or of the internal organs may show themselves. We then have 

 all the general phenomena of a jirofound anaemia. 



Terminations. — These symptoms may gradually subside; with an 

 improved appetite the inanition may cease and the animal com- 

 mence to nourish its impoverished blood and tissues; the pulse be- 

 comes stronger, the heart more regular and less tumultuous; the mu- 

 cous membranes assume a brighter and more distinct color; the diffi- 

 culty of respiration is removed, and the animal may make a recovery, 

 but at best the convalescence is a long one, and in many cases it is 

 questionable if it is an economical proceeding to carry the animal 

 through it. More frequently the disease terminates by death. This is 

 usually directly due to heart failure; in some cases it is caused by 

 asphyxia, owing to the great amount of exudation into the lung tissue, 

 rendering its further function impossible; inmost cases the anaemia 

 and marasmus debilitate the animal until it dies as it would from the 

 same condition i^roduced by any other cause. 



Complications.— T\\Q complications of cederaatous pneumonia are in- 

 flammatory or necrotic changes in the lungs themselves. Suppuration 

 at times takes place in the bronchi and may extend to the lung tissue. 

 In this case we may find the mucous rales of a bronchitis appearing 

 where there were only negative signs of pulmonary trouble, or we may 

 find them grafted upon the tubular murmur of the pneumonia if the 

 latter had been detected in the earlier stages of the disease. Tiicse are 

 mostly distinctly heard over the trachea and on the sides of the chest 

 directly behind the shoulders. With the development of the mucous 

 rales, to be heard on auscultation, we have a more purulent discharge 

 from the nostrils, similar to that of a chronic or subacute bronchitis. 

 If the iuflammation has been of some standing, cavernous rales may be 



