OFFICIAL STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE FOE CATTLE 101 



HIPS Wide, rounding over the hooks, and well covered 3 



QUARTERS Of good length, full, rounding, and level; thighs 



wide, roomy, and not too meaty 6 



OBJECTIONS Prominent hooks, sunken quarters. 



TAIL Tail head strong and setting well forward, long and taper- 

 ing to a full switch 2 



LEGS Short, straight, squarely placed, medium bone 3 



OBJECTIONS Hocks crooked, legs placed too close together. 



FORE-UDDER Full and flexible, reaching well forward, extend- 

 ing down level with hind-udder 10 



HIND-UDDER Full and well up behind 10 



TEATS Well placed, wide apart and of reasonably good size .... 4 

 OBJECTIONS Lack of development, especially in forward 

 udder. Udder too deep, "bottle shaped" and teats too close 

 together. Teats unevenly placed and either too large or 

 too small. 



MILK VEINS Of medium size, full, flexible, extending well for- 

 ward. Well retained within the body ; milk wells of medium 

 size 6 



HIDE Loose, mellow, flexible, inclined to thickness, with a good 



full coat of soft hair 5 



OBJECTIONS Thin, papery skin, or wiry hair. 



CONDITION Healthy, moderate to liberal flesh evenly laid on ; 



glossy coat ; animal presented in good bloom 10 



Total 100 



GENERAL DESCRIPTION Cow medium wedge form, low set, top 

 and bottom, lines straight except at flank, weight 1300 Ibs. to 

 1500 Ibs. when mature and finished. 



BULL. 



DISQUALIFICATIONS Scurs, or any evidence whatever of a 

 horny growth on the head. Any white spots on body above 

 lower line or brush of tail. 



COLOR Any shade of red. The switch of tail may be white, with 

 some white running forward to the navel. Nose of a clear 

 flesh color. Interior of ears should be of a yellowish, waxy 



color 2 



OBJECTIONS An extreme dark or an extreme light red is 



not desirable. A cloudy nose or one with dark spots. 

 HEAD Wide, strong and masculine, relatively short. Poll stronger 

 and less prominent than in cow. Ears of medium size and 

 well carried; eyes prominent; muzzle wide with large nostrils. 12 

 OBJECTIONS Long, narrow, or lacking in masculine char- 

 acter. 

 NECK Of medium length, full crest, of good thickness, strong, of 



masculine appearance 5 



SHOULDER Of medium thickness and smoothly laid, coming up 



level with line of back 8 



OBJECTIONS Shoulder top prominent, giving the appearance 

 of weakness in heart girth, shoulder protruding above line 

 of back. 

 CHEST Broad and deep, insuring constitution. Brisket prominent 



and coming well forward 12 



BACK AND RIBS Back medium long, straight and level from 

 withers to setting on of tail, moderately wide, with spring of 

 ribs starting from the back bone, giving a rounding apearance, 



with ribs flat and fairly wide apart 14 



OBJECTIONS Front ribs too straight, causing depression 

 back of shoulders. Drop in back or loin below the top line. 



HIPS Wide, rounding over the hooks, and well covered 3 



QUARTERS Of good length, full, rounding, and level ; thighs wide 



and moderately full, deep 6 



OBJECTIONS Prominent hooks, sunken quarters 

 TAIL Tail head strong and setting well forward, long and taper- 

 ing to a full switch 2 



LEGS Short, straight, squarely placed, medium bone 3 



OBJECTIONS Hocks crooked ; legs placed too close together. 

 RUDIMENTARIES Large, wide apart, and placed well forward. 1? 



Position of rudimentaries 6 



OBJECTIONS Rudimentaries placed back on scrotum, or 

 placed too close together, indicating tendency to transmit 

 badly formed udders. 

 HIDE Loose, mellow, flexible, inclined to thickness, with a good 



full coat of soft hair 5 



