104 JUDGING CATTLE 



SCALE OF POINTS ADOPTED BY THE AMERICAN AYRSHIRE 

 BREEDERS ASSOCIATION, FEB. 21, 1889 COW. 



The following scale of points for the Ayrshire cow were 

 adopted being similar to the scale adopted in Scotland in w 

 1884 and changed in a few points to render them ap- | 

 plicable to this country. 



Head Short; forehead wide; nose, fine between the muzzle 

 and the eyes; muzzle, large; eyes, full and lively; 



horns, wide set on, inclining upwards 10 



Neck Moderately long and straight from the head to the 

 top of the shoulder, free from loose skin on the under 

 side, fine at its junction with the head, and enlarging 



symmetrically towards the shoulder 5 



Fore Quarters Shoulders sloping; withers fine; chest suffi- 

 ciently broad and deep to insure constitution; brisket 

 and whole fore quarters light, the cow gradually in- 

 creasing in depth and width backwards 5 



Back Short and straight; spine well defined, especially at 

 the shoulders; short ribs, arched; the body deep at 



the flanks 10 



Hind Quarters Long, broad and straight, hook bones 

 wide apart and not overlaid v/ith fat; thighs, deep and 

 broad; tail, long, slender, and set on level with the 



back 8 



Udder Capacious and not fleshy, hind part broad and 

 firmly atttched to t^e body, the sole nearly level and 

 extending well forward; milk veins about udder and 

 abdomen well developed; the teats from 2J to 3 inches 

 in length, equal in thickness the thickness being in 

 proportion to the length hanging perpendicularly, 

 their distance apart at the sides should be equal to one- 

 third of the length of the vessel, and across to about 



one-half of the breadth 30 



Legs Short in proportion to size, the bones fine, the joints 



firm 3 



Skin Yellow, soft and elastic, and covered with soft, 



close, woolly hair 5 



Color Red of any shade, brown or white, or a mixture of 



these each color being distinctly defined 3 



Average Live Weight in full milk, about 1,000 pounds. . . 8 



General Appearance, including style and movement 10 



Escutcheon Large and fine development 3 



Total ...100 



