OFFICIAL STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE TOR SWINE 1C9 



DESCRIPTION OF BERKSHIRE ARRANGED BY THE NATIONAL 



ASSOCIATION OF EXPERT JUDGES OF SWINE, 1897. 

 DISQUALIFICATIONS. 



Form. Very large and heavy or drooping ears; small, 

 cramped chest, crease hack of shoulders and over the back so 

 as to cause a depression in back easily noticed, deformed or 

 crooked legs, feet broken down, so that the animal walks on 

 pastern joints. 



.Size. Overgrown, gangling, narrow, contracted or not two- 

 thirds large enough for age. 



Condition. Barrenness, deformed, seriously diseased, total 

 blindness from any cause. 



Score. Less than sixty points. 



Pedigree. Not eligible to record. 



DETAILED DESCRIPTION. 



1. Head and Face. Head short, broad, coming well for- 

 ward at poll, face short and fine and well dished, broad be- 

 tween the eyes tapering from eyes to point of nose, surface 

 even and regular. 



Objections. Legs, long, slim, coarse, crooked, muscles light, 

 and narrow, jaws narrow or contracted, lower jaws extending 

 beyond upper; face Icng, straight between the eyes; nose 

 coarse, thick or crooked, or rigid. 



2. Eyes. Very clear, rather large, dark, hazel or gray. 



Objections. Small, dull, bloodshot, deep set or obscure, 

 vision impaired by wrinkles, fat or other cause. 



3. Ears. Generally almost erect, but sometimes inclined 

 forward with advancing age, medium size, thin and soft. 



Objections. Large, coarse, thick, round or drooping, long 

 or large knuck, difference in form, size or position one with 

 the other, animal unable to control their position. 



4. Neck. Full, deep, short and slightly arched, broad on 

 top, well connected with shoulder. 



Objections.^ Long, flat, lacking in fullness and depth. 



5. Jowl. Full, firm and neat, carrying fullness back to 

 shoulder and brisket. 



Objections. Light, flabby, thin, tucked up or wrinkled. 



6. Shoulder. Broad, deep and full, not extended above 

 line of back and being as wide on top as back, carrying size 

 down to line of belly and having lateral width. 



Objections. Lacking in depth or width, thick beyond the 

 line of sides and hams or extending above line of back, heavy 

 shields on hogs under eighteen months of age. 



7. Chest. Large, wide, deep and roomy, full girth, breast 

 bone curving well forward, extending back on level, not tucked 

 up, broad between fore legs. 



Objections. Flat, narrow at top or bottom, small girth, 

 lacking depth or fullness, breast bone crooked or tucked up. 



8. Back. Broad and straight, carrying same width from 

 shoulder to ham, surface even and smooth without creases or 

 projections and not too long. 



Objections. Narrow, swayed or hollow, dropping below a 

 straight line. 



