356 TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE. 



clear water upon the heaps, which liquefies it. Tiie water percolates 

 through, and drains into the tank a strong solution of manure, the whole 

 mass may, by a repetition of the process, be formed into so soluble a 

 manure, that a hose under eighty feet of pressure and eight hundred feet 

 long will distribute it without any fixi'd pipeage over ninety acres of land. 

 A tank sixty feet long twenty feet wide, and twelve feet deep, will hold 80,- 

 000 gallons of it, and if this is situated on high ground, having an eleva- 

 tion of seventy-five feet over the ninety acres, the extreme distance to 

 water will not be over 2400 feet, and the hose will require two men, one 

 to direct the jet, the other to assist in moving it. The hose should be in 

 lengths of thirty feet, readily joined together by screw couplings. At the 

 end of the hose there must bo a mouth piece five feet long and of the same 

 diameter as the hose where it is joined on to it, and tapering off to the ori- 

 fice which is five eighths of an inch in diameter. At a low pressure a larger 

 orifice would be better, because the quantity is increased, while the length 

 of jet is not materially shortened. Under high pressure, a smaller orifice 

 gives a longer jet, but the quantity delivered is less. The length of the 

 jet is a very material point in this system. In the following results the 

 fall iii taken from the top of the water in the tank. The diameter of 

 hose and orifice as before stated. 



The jet does not increase a great deal beyond fifteen yards, and may then 

 be taken at fifteen yards, and the quantity 2000 gallons per hour, which 

 is sufficient fur an acre of land. The .great advantage in this mode of 

 irrigating is the despatch with which the work is accomplished; two men 

 with hose being equal to eight men with eight horses and carts. Two 

 men will do eight acres in eight days, whereas it would take two men 

 with water carts five weeks and four days to do the same. . 



There is scarcely a farm house in the country that is not situated at such 

 an elevation as to admit of its sewage being carried by its own gravity on 

 to desirable land adapted for the formation of water plots of 

 grass, and although they may be of limited extent, if they have to rely 

 upon the house sewage only, yet where there is available water to dilute 

 the sewage, one rood of land may be made fully equal in produce to four 

 of ordinary pasture land, and will furnish grass for soiling early in the 

 spring and late in the fall, which are periods when it is not attainable from 

 any other source. 



House sewage, drained through impermeable pipes into a watci'-tight 

 tank, may be stored five days without becoming offensive, and may then 

 be put on the grass early in the morning, without any of the inmates being 

 aware, from the odor, that such a manuring is systematically going on. By 

 this process a family of three persons are enabled to manure two hundred 

 and eight square yards sufficiently to cause it to yield 1,190 pounds of grass 

 in a season, which would be at the rate of 18 J tons per acre green. 



If the location is remote from the sea, it will be well to add a little com' 



