282 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



President — Is there not a chemical compound found, when salt 

 and lime are mixed, that is more effectual ] 



Mr. Judd — It has been published far and wide that when salt 

 and lime are mixed there is a chemical change of elements, the 

 result being carbonate of soda and chloride of calcium; but this is 

 a popular error; salt is a binary compound, consisting of chlorine 

 and sodium — lime is composed of calcium and oxygen ; when 

 salt and lime are united under ordinary circumstances there is 

 no transfer; the much talked of salt and lime mixture is good for 

 muck, however, as the lime produces decomposition of the orga- 

 nic substance, and the salt, if it does no more, retains the ammo- 

 nia. Salt is good to mingle with guano and other manures, to 

 assist in retaining the ammonia. 



Professor Mapes — I and others have for years used salt and 

 lime, and have found it to produce carbonate of soda. 



Mr. Judd — I do not say that under some circumstances, as where 

 there are vegetable substances present, &c., some such change may 

 not partially take place; but the attempted scientific teaching on 

 this point has been wrong. There is not a transfer of elements 

 when salt and lime only have been mixed under ordinary circum- 

 stances. 



Mr. Waring had long read and ler^irned from the highest autho- 

 rity that there was such a change, and called upon Mr. Judd to 

 prove that such a change did not take place. 



Mr. Judd — ^I am not called upon to disprove the thousand and 

 one theories of superficial chemists and others. If gentlemen as- 

 sert that a change of elements does not take place, we will be 

 glad to have them produce their authority. Until they do this, I 

 maintain that lime and salt, when mixed under ordinary circum- 

 stances, do not undergo a chemical change to any great degree, 

 and the proof rests with the assertors of the contrary theory. 



Prof. Mapes has fed his chickens on Chandler's greaves 

 which have been under hydraulic pressure, so that one of the 

 blocks of it weighing 100 lbs. is nearly as hard as granite. This 

 is sweet, and when broken up and swelled in water, is much rel- 

 ished by poultry with their other food. Hogs are fond of it. 



Mr. Gore — I invariably use the Chandler's greaves. 



Prof. Mapes gives Mr. Galbraith's grape house and grape bor- 

 ders third preparation, &c. 



The following is a summary of remarks elicited from Mr. James 

 Galbraith, who has long been known as one of the best practical 

 landscape gardeners, horticultmust, etc. His article on Isabella 



