613 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 



vantages, tliis single one will frequently allow the dismissal of 

 one person's labor. 



2d. As all that is gained from pull to pull is securely held in 

 suspension, any belaying of the rope becomes entirely unnecesary, 

 and this single advantage of itself again frequently allows the 

 dismissal of still another person's labor. 



3d. As all that is gained from pull to pull is securely held, the 

 operator is enabled to ai3ply in putting upon the rope instead of 

 hand power, a most surprisingly advantageous lever power, by 

 means of the nipper hook, which can be made to hold fast or 

 slide upon the rope, at the pleasure of the operator. In this way 

 the available power of the machine can be made enormously great 

 and limited only by the strength of the hooks employed. 



4th. This improved pulley power can be applied in any required 

 direction; not only in a perpendicular form in raising heavy 

 weights, but also in a horizontal form in drawing and moving 

 them about from place to place. 



5th. It is clearly evident that this invention adds wonderfully 

 to the value of the pully as an available and practical power. 

 And its simplicity is so great and its cost so trifling, that its in- 

 troduction is certain to be almost universal, among nearly all 

 grades and varieties of practical working men. 



6th. But the crowning advantage of this improved pully power 

 is in the fact that it is always available in the hands of a single 

 person. It enables one man alone and unassisted to do the work 

 of two or three and often of five or six. To raise, suspend, and 

 lower at pleasure, with the most perfect safety and ease, ponderous 

 weights of from 1 to 5 or 6000 pounds; or used in a horizontal 

 direction, to draw upon the ground, or upon rollers, and move 

 from place to place on a level or up an inclined plane, what 

 otherwise would require the strength of several yoke of oxen. 



Prof. Nash introduced Mr. Reynolds of Concord, Mass., to ex- 

 plain Wm. W. Willis's new patent stump extractor. Mr. Trask 

 of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who has used it much, aided in the 

 explanation. It consists of a lever of sufficient strength, at whose 

 short end is a wheel, and a larger one on its longer end, so that 

 it is sustained while in operation. Chains and hooks are made 

 fast to the stump ; a pair of oxen or horses by chains attached to 

 the long end of the lever, start the largest stumps partly out of 

 the ground, which appear to spectator lifted. It is then drawn 

 in the opposite direction, and is drawn out with all its roots. An 

 acre covered with the ordinary number of stumps can be cleared 



