44 



THE NEW BOOK OF THE DOG. 



Beowulf. Other equally famous dogs of 

 this strain are Rex Stone, British Stone, 

 and Dick Stone, but they have never been 

 exhibited on the show bench. .\11 these 

 dogs ha\'e good wide fronts, small ears, 

 long square skulls with plenty of cushion, 

 and good turn-up of underjaw. The bodies 

 as a rule are good, but in some specimens 

 there is a tendency to sink the first rib 

 behind the shoulder. 



Among other good dogs well known in 

 the prize ring, but which, owing to out- 

 crosses or being descended from some of 

 tlij contemporaries of Champinn Crib, are 

 not properly belonging to the foregoing 

 strains, are Champion Ivel Doctor, who 

 sired the present-day winners, Champions 

 Nuthurst Doctor and Hampshire Lily ; 

 Bapton Monarch, by Avenger, who sired 

 Champion Woodcote Chinosol ; Champion 

 Bromley Crib, who sired Swashbuckler — a 

 present-day pillar of the stud book — who 

 in turn sired Champions Moston Michael 

 and W'dodcote SalH' Lunn, Octa\'ia and 

 Felton Peer ; Carthusian Cerberus, who 

 sired Champion Heywood Duchess, who is 

 the dam of the sensational half-sisters, 

 Champions Silent Duchess and Kitty Royal, 

 two of the three best living bitches at 

 present exhibited. 



In forming a judgment of a Bulldog the 

 general appearance is of most importance, 

 as the various points of the dog should be 

 symmetrical and well balanced, no one 

 point being in excess of the others so as 

 to destroy the impression of determination, 

 strength, and activity which is conveyed 

 by the typical specimen. His body should 

 be thickset, rather low in stature, but 

 broad, powerful, and compact. The head 

 should be strikingly massive and large in 

 proportion to the dog's size. It cannot be 

 too large so long as it is squari' ; that is, 

 it must not be wider than it is dee]i. The 

 larger the head in circumference, caused 

 by the jirominent cheeks, the greater the 

 quantity of muscle to hold the jaws to- 

 gether. The head should be of great depth 

 from tlie occiput to the base of the lower 

 jaw, and should not in any way be wedge- 

 shaped, dome-shaped, or peaked. In cir- 



cumference the skull should measure in 

 front of the ears at least the height of the 

 dog at the shoulders. The cheeks should 

 be well rounded, extend sideways beyond 

 the eyes, and be well furnished with muscle. 

 Length of skull — that is, the distance be- 

 tween the eye and the ear — is very desirable. 

 The forehead should be flat, and the skin 

 uj)on it and about the head very loose, 

 hanging in large wrinkles. The temples, or 

 frontal bones, should be very prominent, 

 broad, square arid high, causing a wide 

 and deep groove knowTi as the " stop " 

 between the eyes, and sliould extend up 

 the middle of the forehead, dividing the 

 head \-ertically, being traceable at the top 

 of the skull. The expression " well broken 

 up " is used where this stop and furrow 

 are well marked, and if there is the at- 

 tendant looseness of skin the animal's 

 expression is well linished. 



The face, when measured from the front 

 of the cheek-bone to the nose, should be 

 short, and its skin should be deeply and 

 closely wrinkled. Excessive shortness of 

 face is not natural, and can only be obtained 

 by the sacrifice of the " chop." Such 

 shortness of face makes the dog appear 

 smaller in head and less formidable than 

 lie otherwise would be. Formerly this 

 shortness of face was artificially obtained 

 by the use of the " jack," an atrocious form 

 of torture, by which an iron instrument 

 was used to force back the face by means 

 of thumbscrews. The nose should be 

 rough, large, broad, and black, and this 

 colour should extend to the lower lip ; its 

 top should be deeply set back, almost be- 

 tween the eyes. The distance from the 

 inner corner of the eye to the extreme tip 

 of the nose should not be greater than the 

 length from the tip of the nose to the edge 

 of the under li[i. The nostrils should be 

 large and wide, with a well-defined straight 

 line \-isible between them. The largeness 

 of nostril, which is a \'ery desirable property, 

 is possessed by few of the recent prize- 

 winners. 



When viewed in profile the tip of the nose 

 should toucli an imaginary line drawn from 

 the extremity of the lower jaw to the top 



