118 THE COMPLETE HOME LANDSCAPE 



ative stain, followed by two coats of boiled linseed oil thinned with 

 turpentine. If it is to be painted, use three coats of outside white, 

 allowing twenty-four hours for drying between each two coats 



Columns or uprights constructed of brick should have bases and 

 caps of either cut stone or brick laid on their sides. There should be a 

 quarter-inch projection at the bottom, but the caps should be flush 

 with sides of columns at the top. Stucco columns may be built on 

 tile; these have proved economical and substantial. They should be 

 built on stone or concrete foundations projecting beyond the tile. 



If the pergola is to have a floor, it should be constructed with the 

 idea of permanency. The foundation for a tile, brick, or concrete 

 floor should be at least six inches of cinders. On top of this is placed 

 four inches of concrete (1-23^-5 mixture). For brick or tile floors, 

 place on this a one-inch cushion of bar sand. If cement is used it is 

 best to tint it by using either lamp black or red mortar stain applied 

 to the finish coat. Cement paving should have expansion joints at 

 frequent intervals to prevent cracking. A good looking cement floor 

 is made in small squares to resemble tile. 



The arch is used only to span a path. It may be made of wood or 

 of iron, the latter being more durable, but not so pleasing until en- 

 veloped by vines. An arch without a vine lacks completeness. If the 

 arch is intended to span a wide and much used path or walk, it should 

 be made heavy and substantial looking. Arches that span narrow 

 garden paths may be simple in design and construction (See Figs. 1, 

 107 and 108 ). 



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