IX 



Page 

 2. Relation of the nutritive substances to the plants 274 



A. Lack of moisture and nutritive substances 275 



a. Lack of moisture 275 



Influence of the various plant coverings 275 



Wilting 276 



Change in production due to lack of moisture 278 



Discoloration of woody plants 279 



Red coloration in grain 281 



"Reds" of hops 282 



"Leaf scorch" of grapes, "Parching" of vines. "Red scorch" 283 



Yellowing due to the grafting stock 284 



Premature drying of the foliage 284 



Burning out of grass 285 



Silver leaf 285 



Water core of apples 286 



b. Changes in production due to a lack of nitrogen 287 



Starvation conditions in Cryptogams 287 



Production of sterile blossoms (Sterility) 289 



Seedless fruits 292 



Behavior of weak seeds 295 



Dropping of the fruit 296 



Drying of the inflorescences on decorative plants 296 



Formation of thorns 297 



c. Changes in production due to a lack of potassimn 298 



d. Changes in production due to a lack of calcium 301 



e. Changes due to a lack of magnesium 305 



f . Changes due to a lack of chlorin 306 



g. Lack of iron and "jaundice" (Icterus ) 307 



h. Changes due to a lack of phosphorus and sulphur 312 



i. Changes due to a lack of oxygen 313 



General phenomena 313 



Brusone disease of rice 315 



Diseases of gladioli 316 



k. Changes due to a lack of carbon-dioxid 316 



B. Excess of water and nutritive substances 319 



a. Excess of water 319 



Moisture 319 



Clogging of drain tiles 319 



Sprouted grain 320 



Rupturing of fleshy parts of plants 321 



Woolly streaks in apple cores 324 



Ring disease of hyacinth bulbs 326 



Springing of the bark 2)2- 



Shedding of the bark 328 



Water sprouts 331 



Union of parts 333 



Compulsory twisting (Spiralismus Mor. ) 334 



Dropsy (Oedema ) 335 



a. In small fruits 335 



b. In stone fruits 338 



Swellings on the St. John's Bread tree 339 



Retrogressive metamorphosis (Phyllody) 340 



Barrenness of the hop 342 



Forked growth of grape vines 345 



Falling of the leaves 346 



Leaf casting diseases 349 



Leaf-fall in house plants 35^ 



Dropping of the flowering organs Z^bT^ 



Shelling of the grape blossom 354 



Shedding of the young flower clusters of hyacintlis 356 



Twig abscission y^~ 



b. Increase of food concentration 360 



Changes in meadows 362 



Sewage disposal fields 364 



Scurvy disease 367 



Progressive metamorphosis Z~~ 



Pressure of the buds (Blastomania A. Br.) 17^ 



