632 



we will name some varieties recommended as hardy for different localities, 

 some with a continental climate, others influenced by the sea. In this list 

 the injury to the blossom from May frosts is decisive, the condition of the 

 wood less important, because injuries to it come under consideration usually 

 only in less frequent, heavy winter frosts, while blossoms are exposed every 

 year to the danger of freezing. 



The difference between northeastern and northwestern Germany must 

 be taken into consideration for German plants. In the eastern provinces 

 the influence of Russia is felt, especially in Posen and upper Silesia, because 

 of the invading periods of late frost. Nevertheless, we can record experi- 

 ences which show that certain varieties of the more sensitive pears furnish 

 good table fruit even in Posen. Radowski^ lists from winter pears which 

 have stood the test in unfavorable years : Mecheln, Rihas Seedless, 

 Madame Verte, Winter Nelis, New Fulvie, Winter William and Dechant 

 of Alengon, 



In upper Silesia the following have stood the test- : Amanli's Butter 

 pear, William's Christ pear, Bonne Louise d'Avranches, Red Bergamot, 

 English Summer Butter pear. New Poiteau, Pastor pear and Diel's Butter 

 pear. 



Of the varieties of apple which have grown well in the district Rybnik, 

 the following are preferred: Red Astrachan, Oldenburg, Kaiser Alex- 

 ander, White Clear apple, Danziger, Hawthomden, Winter Gold Pearmin, 

 Landsberg, Baumann, London Pippin and Kasseler. 



The English varieties from the region around Kosel have been espe- 

 cially warmly recommended : Lord Derby, The Queen, Lord Grosvenor, 

 Lane's Prince Albert, as well as Cellini, Hawthornden and Bismarck. The 

 following are suitable for exposed positions and sandy soil : Brunswick 

 Milk apple, Red Astrachan, and Oldenburg. According to Mathieu the 

 following are especially suitable for the climatic conditions of central Ger- 

 many: White Astrachan, Oldenburg, Red Eiser apple. Kaiser Alexander, 

 Red Cardinal and, for second choice, Red Astrachan, Prinz (Downing), 

 Baumann and Boiken. Of pears, the following have stood the test: 

 Winter-Apothecary, Barons B., Dotted Summer Thorn, Green Magdalene, 

 Small Long Summer Muscatel, Roman Butter pear. Spar pear, Good 

 Gray and Archduke pear^. Although the danger from frost is especially 

 great for pears, yet a May frost at the time of blossoming does not always 

 destroy the crop. Experience shows that good crops are often obtained 

 despite this, because generally only the opened blossoms suffer and those, 

 developing later, produce so much the finer fruit. Besides frost, a continu- 

 ous rain, at the time of the blossoming fruit trees, is especially to be 

 dreaded. 



1 Radowski-Schrimm, Wintorbirnen fiir den Osten Deutschlands. Prakt. Ratg. 

 i. Obst- u. Gartenb. 17 Dez. 1905. 



- Langer, G. A., Die Bedeutung der Obstsortenwahl, fiir die ortlichen und 

 klimatischen Verhaltnisse. Deutsche Gartnerz, 1905. No. 38. 



3 Jahresbericht d. Sonderausschusses fiir Pfianzenschutz. 1900 Arb. d. D. Landw. 

 Ges, Part 60, p. 247. 



