8l2 



is bent. The nearer the tip of the twig the bent place lies, the less the 

 internal injury is, but also the less the desired result. The buds beneath 

 the place bent will then develop into slender leaf shoots. But when the 

 branch is bent near its base the buds stimulated to growth will develop only 

 short shoots ; these, however, show a tendency to change to fruiting w^ood. 



•^c-^PP 



91. 





ITr 



Fig. 193. Longitudinal section through the wood within the bend. 



We have spoken above of an internal injury to the axis even when 

 carefully bent. This is best seen in a definite example as shown in Figs. 

 190-194 of an apple branch. 



The folding of the bark is indicated in Fig. 190 (rf) and Fig. 191 (rf). 

 Upon examination with the naked eye, one sees first of all a swelling of the 

 wood on the under side, below a pale, brownish zone, widened at the place 

 of bending (Figs. 190 and 191, hp), in the longitudinal section (Fig. 190 h) 



