INSECTS, FUNGI, PLANT DISEASES, ETC. 155 



bacteria soon begin to multiply with great activity, and 

 • but a short time will elapse before the twig shows a 

 sickly indication. 



The only remedy now known is to cut away the dis- 

 eased portions into the healthy part and carefully burn 

 the wood. This may not in all cases prevent the trouble 

 appearing again, but nothing better is now known. 



Gladosporium fulvum (Cke.), Cladosporium carpophilum 

 (Thum.) Leaf blight of the tomato and brown spot of the 

 peach, plum and cherry. The first attacks the leaf of the 

 tomato by turning it yellow in spots and* eventually 

 covering the entire foliage. (A badly diseased plant is 

 unable to grow leaves and have sufficient vitality to de- 

 velop fruit also.) The C. carpophilum shows on the fruit of 

 the peach, plum and cherry in brown, velvety spots, in- 

 creasing in size until they run together in the shape of 

 large patches. 



The remedy recommended is spraying with Bordeaux 

 mixture every week or so to protect the new leaves and 

 fruit. See the table at the end of this chapter. 



Caeoma nitens (Schw.). Red rust of the raspberry and 

 blackberry. This disease lives in the tissues of the plants 

 and breaks through to the surface, where it matures its 

 orange-colored spores, on the under sides of the leaves. 

 The fungus, however, infests the entire plant, and it is 

 supposed that it finds its way into the tissues through 

 the roots. The spores live through the winter in the 

 leaves which fall to the ground. The mycelium is peren- 

 nial and remains in the stem during the winter. 



The only sure remedy is to dig up all diseased canes 

 and burn them. Treat in the same way all wild plants 

 found in the neighborhood containing the rust. Do not 

 plant any species of the raspberry and blackberry in the 

 same locality for three or four years. If but few of the 

 plants are infected spray the healthy ones with copper 



