BUDDING AND GKAJFTING. 



221 



There are several other modes of budding and grafting, 

 but the above are most useful aud commonly practiced. 



The advantages of these operations are the rapidity with 

 which a valuable kind may be propagated which will not 

 grow from seed or cuttings — trees of worthless fruit may 

 be changed into more valuable varieties; seedlings can 

 be brought into early bearing; foreign, 

 tender fruits may be rendered hardier on 

 hardy, native stocks; a kind of fruit may 

 be grown in a soil not congenial to it, as 

 the pear by grafting on the quince; sev- 

 eral varieties of fruit may be grown upon 

 the same tree; and,**finally, by grafting 

 on dwarf-growing stocks the trees may 

 be so dwarfed as to afford many ripening 

 in succession within the limits of a small 

 garden. 



Experience shows that the graft and 

 stock mutually influence each other. 

 The effect of the stock upon the graft in 

 improving its product is evident in such pears as suc- 

 ceed on the quince, their size and flavor being much 

 improved. The graft in turn affects the stock, increasing 

 or diminishing its vigor. The Newtown Pippin will 

 roughen the bark of any other apple stock. A Collins 

 pear, grafted upon the branches of another variety, is 

 verv likely to cause the death of the whole tree. 



Fig. 93. 



