VEGETABLES DESCRIPTION AND CULTUEE. 305 



freezes in very severe winters, if left in the ground, as is' 

 usual with this crop in Southern gardens. Of excellent 

 quality. 



Long Orange. — Is paler in color, and of great length, 

 the root not above the ground. It is next in quality to 

 the above, and best for winter use where the crop is to be 

 left in the ground. 



Half Long Danvers. — Of good quality ; thick root and 

 very productive. One of the most popular kinds among 

 gardeners. The color is bright orange. 



Analysis shows that lime, potash, soda, sulphuric acid, 

 and chloride of sodium or salt abound in the ashes of this 

 plant. The salt and lime mixture, composted with leaf- 

 mould or swamp muck, a little plaster of Paris, bone-dust, 

 and wood ashes, are the special manures needed. 



Culture. — Carrots like a light and fertile soil, dug full 

 two spades deep for the long varieties, as they require a 

 deeper soil than any other garden vegetables. The manure 

 should be put as near the bottom as possible, not less 

 than eighteen inches from the surface; but the soil should 

 be fertilized by a previous crop, if fine, smooth roots are 

 desired. 



In the Southern States carrots, for the early crop, may 

 be sown in October or the first of November, and again 

 from Januaiw to April inclusive, after which the seed 

 comes up badly. At New York, the late crop is sown in 

 June for winter use, and for the early crop they sow in 

 September, and protect it a little with litter through the 

 winter. 



Late-sown seed do not vegetate freely. Sow in drills 

 fifteen inches apart; cover the seed half an inch deep with 

 fine soil, and for the late crop, if the ground is dry, water 

 the seed before covering, and after a few hours press the 

 earth upon the seed with a roller or plank. Thin the 

 young plants to six inches apart. In short, the culture 

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