504 GARDENING FOR THE SOUTH. 



varieties do well both North and South, in cold graperies, 

 under glass. 



The grape is a cooling and refreshing fruit of the 

 highest excellence; green, it is used for pies and tarts; 

 when ripe, it is a nutritious and most delicious dessert 

 fruit, and is also used for preserving and jellies. The 

 dried fruit, or raisins, are employed extensively for the 

 dessert, and in many preparations of cookery. The leaves 

 are an elegant garnish to other table fruits. But the chief 

 product of the grape is wine, which is superior to that 

 made of any other fruit. 



Large quantities of wine are now made in the United 

 States, more especially in California, where most of the 

 foreign varieties succeed. In the Southern States vine- 

 yard culture has proved a failure with all derived from 

 the Labrusca and Aestivalis species. After one or two 

 fair crops the vines become stunted and unfruitful, or if 

 stimulated by extra culture and manuring, both vines 

 and fruit mildew and rot. There are but very few varie- 

 ties which can be depended upon with anything approach- 

 ing certainty. 



Since the great development in the methods of spray- 

 ing and treatment of fungus diseases, the statement made 

 by Mr. White in the last paragraph must be consider- 

 ably modified. Many varieties of the V. Labrusca have 

 been tested during the past ten years by the agricultural 

 experiment stations in the South, and the results have 

 been highly satisfactory. Mr. AVhite made the above 

 statement more than forty years ago, when our knowl- 

 edge concerning fungus diseases and their treatment was 

 exceedingly limited, but since the establishment of the 

 experiment stations so much activity has been manifested 

 among the botanists and horticulturists to overcome 

 fungus and insect attacks on the grapes, many of the 

 varieties which failed during Mr. White's day are now 



