KEYS TO THP] CiENER.V o5 



G. Fruit long, several inches, pods with winged seeds. Catalpa 



(p. 28G). Chil6psis (p. 280). 

 G. Fruit I inch long with 2 valves and few seeds. Syringa (p. 275). 

 G. Fruit apparently 4 shining black beads in calyx. Rhodotvpos 



(p. 103). 

 G. Fruit a capsule, when open in the fall, showing bright red seeds. 



Eu6nymus (p. 91). 

 G. Fruit broadly 2-winged. Acer (p. 103). 

 G. Fruit about hemispheric in shape with many seeds. Deutzia 



(p. 191). Philad(^lphus (p. 100). 



Key 12. Thorny plants. Plants with spines or thorns on their stems, 

 or spiny-edged leaves, or plants with apparently no leaves, as the cacti. 



* Plants with simple leaves. (A.) 



A. Leaves covered with silvery scales on one or both sides. Elseag- 



nus (p. 300). Hippophae (p. 303). Shepherdia (p. 303). 

 A. Leaves without silvery scales. (B.) 



B. Leaves with entire edges, neither notched nor lobed. (C.) 

 C. Leaves small, round, fleshy, later falling off. Opiintia (p. 209) . 

 C. Leaves alternately arranged on the stem. Madura (p. 310). 



Kuscus (p. 323). Acacia (p. 132). 

 C. Leaves in alternate clusters on the stem. B^rberis (p. 64). 

 Lycium (p. 284). Bum^lia (p. 209). 



C. Leaves opposite. Rhamnus (p. 93). Osmanthus (p. 282). 

 B. Leaves with notched, but not lobed edges. (D.) 



D. Leaves alternately arranged on the stem. Ilex (spiny edges 

 to leaves) (p. 86). Zizyphus (p. 99). Primus (p. 142). 

 Crat^gus (p. 173). Pyrus (p. 182). 



D. Leaves usually in alternate clusters. Bdrberis (p. 64). 

 D. Leaves opposite. Clerod^ndron (p. 291). Rhamnus (p. 93). 

 Osmanthus (p. 282). 

 B. Leaves with lobed edges. ■ Ribes (p. 201). Crataegus (p. 173). 



* Plants with compound leaves. (E.) 



E. Leaves once-odd-pinnate. Robinia (p. 119). Zanth(5xyhim 



(p. 83) . Mahonia (p. 66) . (Zizyphus is only apparently pinnate. ) 

 E. Leaves abruptly (evenly) pinnate. Ilalimod^ndron (p. 122). 



Carag^na (p. 122). 

 E. Leaves of 3, 5, or 7 blades. Citrus (p. 86). Rubus (p. 164). 



Acanthopanax (p. 212). 

 E. Leaves more than once-pinnate. Acacia (p. 132). Ar.Mia 



(p. 211). Caesalpfnia (p. 129). 



* Plants without leaves." Opvintia (p. 209). MamilL^ria (p. 211). 



Phyllocactus (p. 211). Ulex (p. 113). 



