KEY TO THE JUNIPERS 337 



This is a tree or a large shrub of irregular outline, and is in its leaf form 

 and arrangement so like some of the Thujas as to lead to much confusion 

 of names in nurseries. [Seeds ; twig cuttings ; grafting.] 



Junlperus. The Junipers are trees or shrubs with evergreen sessile 

 opposite or whorled leaves. These are either linear, flattened, sharp- 

 pointed and spreading or small scale-like and pressed to the twigs which 

 they cover. In these respects they are much like the genera Thuja and 

 Chamsecyparis. The junipers have berry fruits instead of cones, but as 

 the junipers are quite generally dioecious, therefore usually found 

 without fruit, there must be some other method for separating them. 

 When there are present the elongated leaves, the junipers show one or 

 two silvery lines on the upper side. This fact will separate them also 

 from the genus Cupressus, which may have silvery lines but always on the 

 lower side. The junipers, when with scale leaves, never so branch as to 

 form fan-shaped growths, as do the Thuja and the Chamsecyparis bushes, 

 but the branching extends irregularly in all directions. 



KEY TO THE JUNIPERS 



* Plants with only the spreading, linear, stiff, sharp-pointed leaves 



generally arranged in 3\s around the stem, though sometimes oppo- 

 site. (A.) 

 A. Leaves with one silvery line on the upper, concave side ; fruit 

 globular, i inch wide. (B.) 

 B. Leaves broadly spreading; fruit axillary, almost sessile, dark 

 glaucous-blue, ripening the third year, 3-seeded. Common 

 Juniper (607) — Juniperus communis. 



B. Leaves only slightly spreading ; fruit oblong, terminal, 1-seeded ; 

 not hardy North. Curved-branched Juniper (608) — Juni- 

 perus recurva. 



A. Leaves with two silvery lines on the upper side ; fruit globuiar. 

 usually 8-seeded and dark brown ; shrub to 12 feet, not hardy 

 North and probably not cultivated South. (C.) 



C. Fruit nearly i inch and glaucous. Large-fruited Juniper 

 — Juniperus macrocarpa. 



C. Fruit less than ^ inch, shining and but slightly glaucous. 

 PuicivLY Juniper — Juniperus Oxyc^drus. 



* Phints with both the linear spreading leaves and the scale ones 



scattered on different parts of the bush. (D.) 

 D. Fruit globular, shining reddish brown, .S-6-seeded; leaves mi- 

 nutely notched at edges. Phcenician Juniper — Juniperus 

 phoenicea. 



apgar's shrubs — 22 



