PINE FAMILY 



RED PINE. NORWAY PlNE. CANADIAN PINE 



Piniis resinosa. 



Usually seventy to eighty feet high, with straight trunk two to 

 three feet diameter ; in old age forming an open picturesque head. 

 Range is northward from Newfoundland to Manitoba, in United 

 States is most abundant in Michigan, Wis- 

 \ D consin, and Minnesota. Found on dry gravel- 



ly or light sandy soils, or dry rocky ridges. 

 Grows rapidly in cultivation. 



Bark. — Bright reddish brown, divided by 

 shallow fissures into shallow scaly ridges. 

 Branchlets stout, smooth, pale orange at first, 

 then darker orange and finally reddish brown. 

 Charged with tannic acid. 



Wood. — Pale red, sapwood yellow or white ; 

 light, hard, close-grained. Contains broad, 

 dark-colored, very resinous bands of small 

 summer cells. Used for buildings, bridges, 

 piles, masts and spars ; largely exported from 

 Canada. Sp. gr., 0.4854 ; weight of cu. ft., 

 30.25 lbs. 



Buds. — Branch-buds ovate, acute, one to 

 three-fourths of an inch long, covered with 

 loosely imbricated, pale brown scales ; bases 

 of scales persistent for several years. 



Leaves. — In clusters of two ; four to six 

 inches long, slender, flexible, dark green, 

 shining, serrulate, acute with callous tips ; 

 fibro-vascular bundles two ; sheaths firm, per- 

 sistent, half an inch to an inch long. 



Flowers. — Staminate flowers borne in a 

 dense cluster on the recent shoots, occupying 

 the place of the leaves for an inch or more, 

 linear-oblong, one-fourth to three-fourths of 

 an inch long ; anthers dark reddish purple 

 with orbicular toothed crests ; scales six, de- 

 ciduous by articulation above the base. Pistil- 

 late flowers terminal, almost globular ; scales 

 scarlet, ovate, borne on stout peduncles cov- 

 ered with pale brown bracts. 

 Cones. — Subterminal, solitary or clustered, m.ature the second 

 year, ovate-conical, two to two and one-half inches long, smooth, 

 scales slightly thickened at the apex, rounded, devoid of spine or 



450 



Red Pine, Pinus resinosa. 

 Leaves 4' to 6' long. 



