PINACEAE. — PINXJS 15 



western limits of the Red Basin of Szech'uan, a distance of some eighteen hundred 

 miles; its altitudinal limit in this region is about 1300 m. In this region it is 

 everywhere abundant, but is not partial to limestone; it is commonly planted 

 as a source of fuel. As ordinarily met with it is a tree of no great beauty, but 

 when allowed to develop fully, it is- one of the handsomest members of the ge- 

 nus. At its best it is a tree from 25 to 30 m. tall with a clean trunk for two- 

 thirds of its height and a rounded oval or flattened head. In the upper, wind- 

 swept parts of the tree the bark is red and peels off in thin strips but near the 

 base of the trunk the bark is dark grey, persistent and fissured into thick, irreg- 

 ular oblong masses. At low levels the wood is loose-grained, brittle and useless 

 except for fuel; at 800 m. altitude and upwards the wood is close-grained and 

 durable, and is esteemed for general building purposes. At these altitudes the 

 trunks of the standing trees are often deeply gashed and after a lapse of time 

 felled and the wood used for torches. 



This Pine and the other Hard Pines of China are known by the general name of 

 " Sung Shu " (literally Pine tree). 



Pictures of this tree will be found under Nos. 284, 303, 304, 383, 475, 476, 477, 

 478, 503, 587, 595, 638, 663, 664, 021, 0178 in the collection of my photographs 

 and also in my Vegetation of Western China, Nos. 366-380. E. H. W. 



■~.w^-.^^, . V.'-', ,-■■■:. 



Pinus sinensis Lambert, 'Descr. Pinus, ed. minor, I. 47, t. 29 (1832); 

 ed. 1, III. f. [2], t. (1837). — Loudon, Arh. Brit. IV. 2264, fig. 2169 

 (1838); Encycl. Trees and Shrubs, 999, fig. 1874 (1842). — Forbes, 

 Pinetum Wohurn. 39, fig. 12 (1839). — Antoine, Conif. 1, t. 1, fig. 1 

 (1840).— Mayr, Fremdl Wald- & Parkh. 349, fig. 113 (1906), ex- 

 cludendo synonymo. 



Pinus tabulaeformis Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. 2, 510 (1867). 



Pinus leucosperma Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, XVI. 558 



(1881); in Mel. Biol. XI. 347 (1881). 

 Pinus Thunhergii Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, s^r. 2, VII. 95 {PI. 



David. I. 2S5) (non Parlatore) (1884); in Jour, de Bot. XIII. 253 (1899).— 



Beissner in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. IV. 185 (1897). — Masters in 



Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 552 (1902); XXXVII. 417 (1906). — Patschke 



in Bot. Jahrb. XLVIII. 658 (1912). 

 Pinus densiflora Franchet in Jour, de Bot. XIII. 253 (non Siebold & Zuc- 



carini) (1899). — Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 549 (1902) ; XXXVII. 



416 (1906). — Shaw in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 2 (1911). — Patschke in Bot. 



Jahrb. XLVIII. 658 (1912). 

 Pinus funebris Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. XX. 177 (1901). 

 Pinus densiflora, var. tabuliformis Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 549 



(1902). 

 Pi7ius Henryi Masters in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXVI. 550 (1902); XXXVII. 416 



(1906). — Patschke in Bot. Jahrb. XLVIII. 568 (1912). 

 Pinus Argyi Lemee & L6vei\\6, P. nana Faurie & Lem^e et P. Cavaleriei 



Lemee & L6veill6 in Fedde Rep. Sp. Nov. VIII. 60 (1910), verisimiUter 



hue ducenda. 

 Pinus Wilsonii Shaw in Sargent, PI. Wilson. I. 3. (1911). 



Kiangsi: Ruling, alt. 1400-1500 m., July and August 1907 (Nos. 

 1745, 1747; tree 6-10 m. tall, sometimes scrub 1-1.5 m. tall). Western 



