16 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 



Hupeh: Hsing-shan Hsien, alt. 1200-2600 m., May, July and De- 

 cember 1907, January 1908 and 1909, abundant (Nos. 1484, 1490, 

 1495, 1497, 1498, 1499, 1496, 1485, i486, 1487, 1492; tree 10-20 m. 

 tall, girth 0.6-2.5 m.); Fang Hsien, cliffs, alt. 1600-2500 m.. May 

 1907 (Nos. 1488, 1494, 4430; small tree 12-15 m. tall) ; same locality, alt. 

 2300 m., A. Henry (No. 6909); Patung Hsien, near hamlet of Ta-wan, 

 alt. 2200 m., May, July and December 1907 (No. 1489; tree 15-20 m. 

 tall, girth 1-2 m.). Western Szech'uan: Mupin and vicinity, alt. 

 1500-2300 m., November 1908 (Nos. 1097, 1472, 1390; tree 6-25 m. 

 tall, girth 1-2.5 m.) ; Yungtsen, 12 kilometers from Mupin, alt. 1300m., 

 November 1908 (No. 1376; tree 10 m. tall, bark reddish) ; near Tachien- 

 lu, alt. 2300 m., August 1908 (No. 2501; tree 20-25 m. tall, girth 2- 

 2.5 m.) ; north-east of Tachien-lu, forests of Ta-p'ao-shan, alt. 3500 m., 

 forming forests, July 1908 (No. 1491; tree 20-25 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); 

 Wa-shan, alt. 1600-2000 m., common, September 1908 (Nos. 1471, 

 1477; tree 20-25m., girth 2-3 m.); west of Kuan Hsien, Niu-tou-shan, 

 alt. 2300 m., abundant, June 21, 1908 (No. 2500; tree 15-25 m. tall); 

 west of Kuan Hsien; ascent of Pan-lan-shan valley, abundant on cliffs; 

 October 1910 (Nos. 4073, 4074; tree 10-25 m. tall, girth 1-2.5 m.); 

 west and near Wen-ch'uan Hsien, alt. 1600-2300 m., common. May, 

 July and November 1908 (Nos. 1475, 1369, 1370; tree 15-25 m. tall, 

 girth 1-3 m.); near Mao-chou, alt. 1600-2300 m., forming forests, 

 October 1910 (No. 4056; tree 12-25 m. tall, girth 1-3 m.); same local- 

 ity, September 1903 (Veitch Exped. No. 3001); near Mao-chou, alt. 

 1900 m. May 1908 (No. 1493, type of P. Wilsonii Shaw). Kansu: 

 Tow River valley, 1910, W. Purdom (No. 814). Shansi : Wutai-shan, 



1909, W. Purdom (No. 813) ; same locality, F. N. Meyer (Nos. 22,680, 

 22,673). Chili: Peking, grounds of Temple of Heaven, May 16, 



1910, (No. 2513; tree 8-10 m. tall, fiat-topped); Peking Plain, Sep- 

 tember 17, 1903, C. S. Sargent, vicinity of Peking, 1906, Butler; Ming 

 tombs, October 1905, J. G. Jack; Tung-ling, November 1908, F. N. 

 Meyer (No. 23913); Wei-chang, 1909, W. Purdom (No. 812). 



As here understood this is the only hard Pine found in a wild state in northern 

 China and is also the common Pine on the mountains of central and western China. 

 In Szech'uan its western limit is about long. 104° E., but in the province of Kansu 

 it extends westward beyond this parallel. In habit and degree of persistence of 

 the cones it presents much variation. On the wind-swept plains of northern 

 China it is a low flat-headed tree with gnarled branches and stout leaves. On 

 the mountains of central China it is a shapely tree of medium size, rather thin 

 leaves, and cones variable in size, and persisting on the tree for four or five years. 

 In western Szech'uan it is a handsome tree 25 m. tall with stout leaves and cones 

 persisting for seven years or more. The bark is usually dark grey, fissured and 



