290 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 



Chili: Imperial gardens, Peking, September 17, 1903, C. S. Sargent. 



The specimen cited above is the only one I have seen from eastern Asia. The 

 species has not yet been collected in a wild state; it is apparentlj^ unknown even 

 as a cultivated plant in Japan and very imperfectly understood by Japanese bot- 

 anists. The plant called M. spedabilis in Japan is either M. Halliana or M. 

 micromalus. 



In Europe it is well known in gardens. It was first cultivated by John Fothergill 

 about 1780 in its double-flowered form, which was figured by Schneevoogt in 1793 

 and by Curtis in the following year; the single-flowered form with fruits was figured 

 in 1825 by Watson. 



3. Malus micromalus Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. XXII. 69 (1908). — Koid- 

 zumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXXIV. art. 2, 89 {Consp. Rosac. Jap.) (1913). 



Malus spectabilis, var. Kaido Siebold, Cat. Rais. 5 (nomen nudum) (1856). — 



Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1872, 210, t. fig. 8 (sine descriptione). 

 Pyrus spectabilis, 3 Kaido Kirchner in Petzold & Kirchner, Arb. Muse. 326 

 (nomen nudum) (1865). — Nicholson, Diet. Card. III. 261 (1887). — Voss, 

 Vilmorin's Blumengdrt. 276 (pro forma) (1894). 

 Malus microcarpa Kaido Carriere, Etude Pomm. Microcarp. 70 (1883). 

 Pyrus Kaido Mouillefert, Trait. Arb. I. 524 (1893). — Bailey, Cycl. Am. 



Hort. III. 1473, fig. 2029, 2030 (non Malus Kaido Dippel) (1902). 

 Malus Kaido Parde, Arb. Nat. Barres, 189 (non Dippel) (1906). 

 Malus spectabilis, var. micromalus Koidzumi in sched. ex Koidzumi in Jour. 

 Coll. Sci. Tokyo, XXXIV. art. 2, 89 (pro synon.) {Consp. Rosac. Jap.) 

 (1913). 

 Japan: Hondo, prov. Shinano, Kurosawa, cultivated, alt. 750 m., October 31, 

 1914, E. H. Wilson (No. 7738; tree 8 m. tall, 0.6 girth, branches ascending- 

 spreading) . 



This plant is known only in a cultivated state and is apparently a hybrid of M. 

 spectabilis Borkhausen probably with M. baccata Desfontaines or M. floribunda 

 Siebold. It is chiefly distinguished from M. spectabilis by the narrower leaves 

 gradually narrowed at the base into a slender petiole, by the tomentose pedicels 

 and calyx and by the subglobose fruit impressed at the base and at the apex with 

 the calyx persistent or deciduous on the same plant; the latter character shows 

 the influence of a species with deciduous calyx. Both Makino and Koidzumi 

 describe the calyx as persistent, but on specimens collected by Wilson from trees 

 which Koidzumi considered typical, the calyx is sometimes deciduous and some- 

 times persistent. These specimens agree very well with the plants cultivated in 

 the Arnold Arboretum and with the descriptions cited above. An entirely different 

 plant, however, is Malus Kaido Dippel,' which as described has oval to broadly 

 oblong leaves tomentose below, and on vigorous branches often subcordate; it is 

 supposed to be a hybrid between M. spectabilis and M. Ringo. 



According to Makino M. micromalus was introduced from China into Japan 

 where according to Makino it was formerly called Kaido, a name now generally 

 applied to M. Halliana and probably also to M. floribunda. 



4. Malus Prattii Schneider. See p. 281. 



» Malus Kaido Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. III. 400 (1893). — Schneider, III. 

 Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 717 (1906). 



Pyrus Ringo, /3 Kaido Wenzig in Linnaea, XXXVIII. 37 (1874). 



Pyrus spectabilis x Ringo Wenzig in Monatsschr. Ver. Beford. Gartenh. XVII. 



534 (1874). 

 Malus Ringo x spectabilis Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 259 (1893). 



