476 WILSON EXPEDITION TO CHINA 



branches and black bark which falls off in thick, rather small plates of irregular 

 shape. Pictures of this Birch will be found under Nos. x297 and x304 of the 

 collection of my Japanese photographs. E. H. W. 



Subsect. c. CoRYLiFOLiAE Schneider, n. subsect. (descriptio in clavi). 



11. Betxila corylifolia Kegel & jMaximowicz in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. XXXVIII. 

 pt. 2, 417, t. 8, fig. 1-3 (186.5). — Kegel in De Candolle, Prodr. XVI. pt. 2, 178 

 (1868). — Franchet & Savatier, Enuiti. PL Jap. I. 456 (1875). — Shirai in Tokyo 

 Bot. Mag. VIII. t. 6, fig. 20-22 (1894). — Schneider, III. Handb. Lauhholzk. I. 99, 

 fig. 53 p, 54 i-i2 (1904). — Winkler in Engler, Pflanzenr. IV.-61, 59, fig. 17 

 (1904). — Sliirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. II. t. 14, fig. 1-7 (1908). — Henry in 

 Elwes & Henry, Trees Gr. Brit. & Irel. IV. 975, t. 275, fig. 14 (1909). 



JAPAN. Hondo: prov. Shimotsuke, Yumoto, June 23, 1914, E. H. Wilson 

 (No. 6847; tree 10-17 m. tall, girth 0.3-0.9 m., bark silvery gray, shoots with taste 

 of B. lenta; yoimg fruits and bark); same locality, fairly common in forests, 

 October 16, 1914, E. H. Wilson. (No. 7651; with old strobiles); Konsei-toge, 

 August 7, 1911 (ex Herb. Sakurai; fruits); prov. Shinano: on Tsubakura- 

 dake, fairly common in forests, alt. 2000-2600 m., September 13, 1914, E. H. 

 Wilson (No. 7502; tree up to 17 m. tall, girth 1.2 m.; fruits); same prov., Mt. 

 Ontake, woods, 2800 m., June 11, 1914, E. H. Wilson (No. 7024; thin tree, 8- 

 12 X 0.3 —0.6 m., taste of B. lenta; flowers); same prov., 1862, C. Maximowicz 

 (young fruits); Tokakushi-san, July 12, 1884 (ex Herb. Sci. Coll. Univ. Jap.; 

 young fruits); prov. Uzen, Adzuma-san, alt. 1000-1500 m., woods, not common, 

 July 20, 1914, E. H. Wilson (No. 7228; tree 8-15 m. tall, girth 0.3-0.9 m., shoots 

 fragrant; fruits); prov. Nambu, 1865, Tschonoski (co-type; finiits). 



An extremely well-characterized species which in the whitish-gray color of the 

 somevv^hat papillose under surface of the leaves resembles the American B. nigra 

 Linnaeus, which otherwise is quite different. In the herbarium the fruiting catkins 

 look as if they were nodding, but they are erect, the branches being a little drooping. 



This very distinct species occurs sparingly in the Nikko region between alti- 

 tudes of from 1500 to 2300 m., and southward on the higher mountains to those 

 of the Shinano province, where on Ontake and Tsubakura-dake it is fairly common. 

 I met with it most plentifully however on Adzuma-san in the province of Uzen 

 to the north of Nikko. It also grows on the lower well-forested slopes of Haya- 

 chine-san, which is about the northern limit of the range of this species. It is a 

 tree of moderate height with a rather slender tnmk, smooth pale gray to white 

 bark and thin spreading and decurved branches and pendent branchlets. The 

 fruit is erect, and the shoots and inner bark have a fragrance similar to that of the 

 American Cherry Birch (B. lenta Linnaeus). E. H. W. 



Subsect. d. Grossae Schneider, subsect. nov. (descriptio in clavi). 



In some respects the forms of this subsection resemble those of subsect. Erma- 

 nianae, and I am not quite sure whether B. cosiata Trautvetter should not be re- 

 ferred to the last subsect. Ermanianae (as Nakai did) or not. If its twigs have the 

 same smell as those of B. grossa Siebold & Zuccarini, these two species are nearly 

 related. Otherwise B. costata Trautvetter may be placed nearest to B. alho-sincnsis 

 Burkill because according to Maximowicz its bark seems to be similar. All the 

 species of this subsection have nearly sessile, erect, short-elliptical or even nearly 

 globose cones, or the cones are very thick and large as in B. insignis Franchet. 



12. Betula costata Trautvetter in Mem. Sav. ^tr. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 

 IX. 253 (Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859). — Komarov in Act. Hort. 



