STERILIZATION 



39 



HOT-WATER BATH (60 TO 8oC.) 



Material 



Time, hours 



Blood serum 



Cacodylates 



Caffeine benzoate. . 



Cocaine 



Duboisine 



Ergot 



Eserine sulphate. . . 

 Glycerophosphates . 



Hyoscine 



Quinine 



Physostigmine .... 



Scopalamine 



Strychnine 



Trypsin 



No. of days 



4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 . 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 

 4 to 6 



Heating at relatively low temperatures (60 to 8oC.) for an hour each day 

 over a number of days is called pasteurization. It insures the destruction of 

 over 90 per cent, of bacteria and attenuation of those not destroyed; so much is 

 accomplished by the first heating. Spores resist this treatment for from 4 

 to 5 days sometimes. While pasteurization continued for a week usually steri- 

 lizes, sometimes it fails to; therefore, pasteurized materials should be tested and 

 examined to prove sterility, before they are used. This is imperative when 

 dealing with quinine preparations intended for hypodermic or intravenous 

 administrations, as quinine may be contaminated with tetanus spores. 



Different species of bacteria, even different strains of a single species, vary 

 in their resistance to heat. As heating tends to lessen the therapeutic value of 

 bacterins or bacterial vaccines, the temperature and time of exposure must be 

 varied so as to produce sterilization with the minimum temperature and time 

 of exposure that will accomplish it. 



STERILIZATION OF BACTERINS 



Organism Temperature 



Typhoid 6oC. 



Staphylococci 6oC. to 8oC. 



Streptococci S5C. 



Time, hours 



5SC. 



6oC. 



Pneumococcus . . 6oC. 



M eningococcus . 

 Gonococcus. . . 



Micrococcus catarrhalis 



Bacillus of influenza : 



Bacillus of diphtheria 



Bacillus of friedlander 



Bacillus of dysentery 



Bacillus of paratyphoid 



Bacillus coli S5C. 



Bacillus pestis 5SC. 



Spirillum of cholera 55C. 



Sensitized vaccines SSC. 



55-C. 

 S5C. 

 6oC. to 7oC. 



ssc. 



S5C. 

 55C. 



