BACTERIAL VACCINES 221 



Day of treatment Cord that has been dried. Amount 



days 



1 3th day, 10 A.M. 4 2 



1 4th day, 10 A.M. 3 2 



1 5th day 5 2 



1 6th day 5 2 



1 7th day 4 2 



1 8th day 4 2 



igth day 3 2 



2oth day 3 2 



2ist day 3 i 



When the above method of treatment is to be carried out, a cord which has 

 been dried for the designated number of days is removed from the jar, about a 

 third of it cut off and ground up in a mortar with salt solution until emulsified; 

 the emulsion is allowed to stand at rest for a number of minutes until gross 

 particles precipitate, then the amount of the supernatant fluid to be injected 

 is drawn into a hypodermic syringe and injected into the abdominal wall. In 

 recent years it has been shown that an emulsion of undried brain or cord, con- 

 taining many times the total amount of virus injected in 3 weeks by the Pasteur 

 method, may be given as a first injection without producing any untoward 

 effects, and without danger of producing rabies. At the present time, in some 

 hospitals, treatment is completed in 5 days by giving daily injections of an 

 emulsion of undried brain or cord. 



Rabies vaccine is employed to immunize against rabies. The treatment 

 should be instituted at the earliest possible moment after a probable infection. 



If rabies vaccine is not given in time to produce immunity before the onset 

 of symptoms of the disease it is useless. 



SMALL-POX VACCINE 



Small-pox vaccine is the serum obtained from a vesicle on the skin of a calf 

 suffering with cow pox. 



This serum is employed to produce immunity against small pox. The arm 

 of the person to be inoculated is washed with soap and water and alcohol, 

 dried and scarified without drawing blood. Several drops of the serum are 

 rubbed into the scarified area and allowed to dry there. 



When the desired effect occurs, redness and swelling develops at the point of 

 inoculation in about 3 days; several days later a vesicle appears; this is trans- 

 formed into a pustule in the course of several days, and the pustule gradually 

 dries, a dark scab forms and healing occurs so that the entire process disappears 

 in from 8 to 16 days. 



COLEY'S FLUID 



Coley's fluid is used in the treatment of inoperable cases of sarcoma. It is 

 injected subcutaneously at the margin of the tumor or at any other point. The 

 initial dose is Y minim; in the course of several hours a marked reaction of 

 short duration follows. 



