18(5 THE ICE AGE IN CANADA. 



many irregular forms by modern subaerial causes of 

 denudation, and also by landslips; which last have been in 

 part connected with the earthquake shocks with which 

 this part of the coast has been visited more than any 

 . other district of Canada. 



Above Les Eboulements, bay St. Paul presents features 

 similar to those of Murray bay, and then the Laurentian 

 land of cape Tourment comes boldly forward to the shore 

 of the river. Above this the conditions are similar to 

 those observed in the neighbourhood of Quebec. 



VII. Lower St. Lawrence. South Side. 



The Eeport of the Geological Survey of Canada (1863) 

 includes all that is yet known of the Pleistocene 

 formations at Gaspe, and thence upward to Trois Pistoles. 

 According to this Eeport, the boulder-clay and overlying 

 sands and gravels are extensively spread over the peninsula 

 of Gaspe. On the Magdalen river they have been traced 

 up to a height of 1,600 feet above the sea, though marine 

 shells are not recorded at this great height. Terraces 

 occur at various elevations, and in one of the lower at 

 port Daniel, only fifteen feet above the sea, marine shells 

 occur. On the coast westward of cape Eosier, terraces 

 occur at many places, and of different heights, and marine 

 shells have been found ninety feet above the sea. I have 

 not had opportunities to examine these deposits to the 

 eastward of the place next to be mentioned. 



Trois Pistoles. At this place one of the most complete 

 and instructive sections of the Pleistocene in Canada 

 has been exposed by the deep ravine of the river, and by 

 the cuttings for the Intercolonial Eailway. The most 

 important terrace at the mouth of the Trois Pistoles 

 river, that in which the railway cutting has been made, is 



