83 



The pair in the case were shot on Hickling 

 Broad in Norfolk in December, 1872. 



See " Eough Notes," Vol. III., Plate 6. 



SHOVELLER (IMMATURE). 

 Case 100. 



This case shows a male in the dingy plumage 

 it exhibits after the breeding season ; and the 

 young birds in that stage when it is first possible 

 to distinguish the immature males from the females, 

 the white and red feathers on the breasts of the 

 males just shewing through their nestling plumage. 



The specimens in the case were shot on Hick- 

 ling Broad in Norfolk in the autumn of 1872. 



See " Kough Notes," Vol. Ill, Plates 4 and 5. 



JACKDAW. 

 Case 101. 



Jack is generally supposed to be a mischievous 

 rogue, but I had always believed that his character, 

 like that of another black party, was not so bad as 

 it was depicted. 



One summer however when living in Perth- 

 shire I required a young bird of this species in 

 order to compare with the young of the Grey Crow; 

 and on examining some nests I discovered the 

 shells of dozens of Grouse eggs which had been 

 destroyed. 



It was too late that season to do much good 

 by exterminating the colony, as the mischief was 

 already accomplished, but the next spring I took 

 forcible measures to prevent them from breeding in 

 their old quarters, and the following season the 

 Grouse on the adjoining beat were nearly doubled. 

 The whole of the ground within about a mile of the 

 rocks where the Jackdaws nested had till now been 



