6 MIND IN EVOLUTION CHAP. 



upon as expressing the vital essence of Mind was that of 

 bringing things together so that they have a bearing upon 

 one another. Where there is mind there are order and 

 system, correlation and proportion, a harmonising of forces, 

 and an interconnection of parts. The organism which is 

 gifted with intelligence shows it by arranging its actions 

 on a certain plan. It adapts means to ends, which is one 

 sort of correlation, and in so doing it perhaps brings a 

 past experience to bear, interpreting a perception, for 

 example, by memory ; and this is another sort of corre- 

 lation. Its scheme of action may include the good of its 

 young, or its mate, or its friends, along with its own, and 

 this is again another sort of correlation. In proportion as 

 its acts tend to promote the same end, its conduct may be 

 termed organised, and its several actions correlated. And 

 the organisation, as we have just seen, may include several 

 individuals, a pair of mates, a community, or conceivably 

 a whole species. 



Not all organised action, as we shall presently see, is 

 intelligent. But all unorganised action is, just as far 

 as organisation is lacking, unintelligent. Where action 

 is random, blind, unconnected, conflicting, there is no 

 mind at work, or there is a failure in its control. Where 

 action proceeds on the impulse of the moment without 

 relation to permanent values, where past experience is not 

 used in interpreting perception, there is lack of mental 

 faculty, while, as between different people if their pur- 

 poses, however cleverly planned for the good of each, tend 

 to thwart one another, it is clear that, as the ordinary 

 phrase rightly expresses it, they are not of one mind. 

 In the latter case, which is important for our purposes, 

 there is mind -a mind in each individual but there is no 

 mind which comprehends the ends of all in a single plan, 

 and makes of that plan its purpose. 



6. Where minds differ is in organising power that is, in 

 comprehensiveness or in scope. The dog who begs for 

 his dinner acts, to all appearance, intelligently. He adjusts 

 means to ends, and correlates a simple action with its 

 immediate result. So also does a statesman who drafts a 

 clause in a Bill, or an engineer who decides on strengthen- 





