362 MIND IN EVOLUTION CHAP. 



(g) It is an essential feature of the change described 

 that the part formerly played by instinct, as the basis 

 upon which individual experience has to work, is now 

 largely taken over by tradition. Instinct does not dis- 

 appear, but on the one hand, the individual becomes 

 capable of grasping and even criticising the ends to which 

 it urges him, and on the other, he is born into a society 

 with rules and principles of art and of life which in part 

 combat, in part fuse with and modify, the hereditary 

 impulses of common human nature. In the highest plane 

 of animal intelligence we found that the scheme of life 

 was still determined by instinct, though it might be modi- 

 fied by individual experience. In the present stage, the 

 outlines of the scheme itself are as much determined 

 by the organised experience of the race represented in 

 <c tradition," as by its unorganised experience, represented 

 by the forces of heredity. In short, the organised ex- 

 perience of the race now enters into the principles and 

 bases of conduct, fusing with instinct or displacing it. 



To conclude. In the present stage the affinities be 

 they elements of common character or of continuous 

 individual identity which link diverse perceptual ex- 

 periences, are analysed out and correlated in their turn. 

 This correlation, in which the concept is the distinctive 

 psychological feature, 



(a) makes explicit the connections on which correlation 

 in the previous stages depends, and 



(/3) makes a comprehensive reference through the 

 medium of common character to masses of related experi- 

 ence. Thought in this stage may therefore be typified in 

 the completed syllogism with explicit major premiss as con- 

 trasted with the truncated syllogisms of the previous stages. 



In scope, it effects a correlation of the elements of 

 permanence and universality in experience racial and in- 

 dividual. It organises given facts under connecting 

 principles and practical purposes under comprehensive 

 ends and general rules, the results of the first group being 

 subordinated to those of the second partly as contributing 

 to their formation, partly as guiding the choice of means 

 to the ends which they prescribe. 



