30 MODERN BIOLOGIC THERAPEUSIS 



Vaccine Therapy Vaccination by the use of 

 cultures killed by heat or antiseptics was intro- 

 duced by Kolle in 1896 as an improvement on 

 Haffkine's cholera prophylaxis. In the same 



Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-95). 



year, Wright introduced the use of killed cul- 

 tures for immunization against typhoid fever 

 and, two years later, Shiga applied the proce- 

 dure to dysentery with moderate success. 

 Clowes was the first to report a definite method 



