14 



CASE europaeus, L., var. hamiltonimius) from Ningpo, illus- 



4. trating the manner of smoking opium. For this purpose 

 the opium is prepared in a liquid form ; a drop about the 

 size of a pea is roasted over the lamp and then placed 

 over thcj little aperture in the bowl of the pipe ; the 

 smoker in a reclining posture keeps it alight by holding 

 it over the flame. 



The opium poppy is also cultivated in cool countries 

 for the sake of the capsules and seeds, the former used in 

 fomentations for allaying pain, the latter as an oil-seed 

 (Maw-seed). The residue of the seeds, after the oil has 

 been expressed, forms an oil-cake for feeding cattle. 

 CASE Observe petals of the Common Red or Corn Poppy 



5. {Papaver Rlioeas, L.). They have a somewhat unpleasant 

 odour and slightly bitter taste. Used in medicine chiefly 

 at a colouring agent. Observe also fruits, seeds, and oil 

 of Argemone mexicana^ L. 



No. 32. Blood Root or Puccoon {Sanguinaria 

 canadensis, L.). A perennial herb, with a fleshy root-stock 

 of a dull red colour outside, and a bright red within. 

 The plant has a wide distribution in Canada and the 

 United States. It has a bitter acrid taste, and is stimulant 

 and diaphoretic. 



Crucifer Order {Cruciferae). Nearly all herbaceous, 

 abounding in the temperate countries of the northern 

 hemisphere. They are called Cruciferae (cross-bearing) 

 from the four flower leaves (petals) being disposed, more 

 or less distinctly, in the form of a cross, as in the Wall- 

 flower, Cabbage, and Cress, familiar examples of the 

 order. None are poisonous, but all are nitrogenous ; they 

 are often acrid, and occasionally antiscorbutic. 



No. 33. The so-called ROSE OF Jericho (Anastatica 

 hierochuntica, L.). An annual plant from the deserts of 

 Arabia and Egypt. After withering, its spreading 

 branches roll themselves up in a ball, and the whole 

 plant is detached and blown about by the wind, the 

 branches expanding again with the first rainfall. By this 

 means the plant is readily dispersed. 



No. 34. Horse-Radish. The root-stock of (7oc/i/ea>*?a 

 Armoracia, L. A perennial herb, origin unknown, 



