11 



wood known as CORK WOOD is employed for stopping CASE 

 casks and bottles, and for lining boxes. 2. 



No. 18. African, Guinea or Negro Pepper. 

 Fruits of Xylojna aethiopica^ A. Rich., a large tree of 

 Upper Guinea. The black quill-like aromatic and pungent 

 fruits are sold in the native markets for use as pepper and 

 as a stimulant in medicine. 



Moonseed Order (lfems;;ermaceae). Climbing tropical CASE 

 shrubs, with bitter and narcotic properties. Observe the 3^ 

 curious arrangement of the wood in cross section of stem 

 and root. 



No. 19. Pareira Brava (Ghondodendron tomento- 

 s?<///, R. & P.). A woody climber of Peru and Brazil. The 

 root has a bitter taste, but no smell ; used as a mild tonic 

 and diuretic. 



No. 20. GULANCHA {Tinospora cordifolia, Miers). A 

 woody climber common in India and Ceylon. The roots 

 and stems have bitter, tonic, antiperiodic, and diuretic 

 properties. 



No. 21. COCCULUS Indicus {Anamirta paniculata, 

 Colebr.). A large climbing shrub with corky bark, native 

 of India. The fruits are kidney-shaped, about the size of 

 a large pea. Imported into this country for the prepara- 

 tion of ointments and for the adulteration of beer. 



No. 22. False Calumba (Coscinium fenestratum, 

 Colebr.). A climber, native of the forests of Ceylon, 

 Malacca, and Malabar. Wood bright greenish yellow, 

 strongly marked in cross section by broad medullary rays. 

 Said to have been long in use in Ceylon and Southern 

 India as a tonic and yellow dye. 



No. 23. Calumba or Colombo Root {Jateorhiza 

 Coliimha, Miers). A perennial climber with short root- 

 stock and numerous fleshy fusiform roots. It grows in 

 the forests of Mozambique and Quillimane. Calumba 

 root of commerce consists of the dried and sliced root. 

 Shipped to this country either from Zanzibar direct, or 

 by AN ay of Bombay. It has a bitter taste and is a mild 

 tonic. 



