i30 



(3ASE On the bottom shelf note Bhangra, the herb Eclipta 

 68. erecta, L,, used in Hindoo medicine as a tonic and in 

 tattooing for producing an indelible bluish black. 



No. 329. Jerusalem Artichokes, the tubers of a 

 Sunflower {Helianthus tuherosus^ L.), originally intro- 

 duced from the Northern United States. The Jerusalem 

 Artichoke has been cultivated in England as an article of 

 food since early in the 17th century. The tuber does not 

 contain starch, hence it is not floury when boiled, like 

 the potato. 



Sunflower Seeds (H. annuus, L.) are here shown, 

 together with samples of oil expressed from them. The 

 sunflower is grown for this purpose in Russia and other 

 countries, and it has also been introduced into India. 



The seeds form an excellent food for poultry, and are 

 also given to horses and cattle to keep them in good con- 

 dition. The oil is extensively used as a food stuff and is 

 said to approach more nearly to olive oil than any other 

 vegetable oil known. The oil cake is rich in nitrogenous 

 matter and is largely used on the Continent for fattening 

 cattle. 



No. 330. Niger, Ixga, or Ramtil Seeds {Quizotia 

 abyssinica^ Cass.). The plant is a native of tropical 

 Africa, but is cultivated in many parts of India for the 

 small black seeds, from which an oil is expressed, used as 

 a lamp oil, for anointing the bod}", and as a condiment. 

 In this country the seeds are employed as a medicine for 

 cage birds. 



Observe roots of the Pellitory OF SPAIN (Anacyclus 

 Pyrethrum, DC), a perennial herb found wild in Algeria, 

 and occasionally cultivated in English gardens ; it is 

 exported from Algeria to Leghorn and Egypt, from whence 

 large quantities are sent to India. It is used in medicine, 

 chiefly as a local irritant and sialagogue. An allied species 

 (A. officinarum, Hayne), furnishes the root known as 

 German Pellitory. It is cultivated for similar pur- 

 poses to the last mentioned in Saxony, Prussia and 

 Bohemia. 



No. 331. Colorado Rubber Plant {Hymenoxys 

 sp.). From the roots a rubber-like substance is obtained. 



