135 



Cranberry Order (Vacciniaceae), Shrubs or small CASE 

 trees, natives chiefly of cold and temperate regions. The 70. 

 fruits of some are edible, as the WHORTLEBERRY or 

 Bilberry {Vaccinium Myrtillus, L.), the Cowberry 

 (F. VitiS'Idaeay L.), and the Cranberry (Oxycoccus 

 palustris, Pers.). Large quantities of Cranberries are 

 brought to this country from Canada. They are the fruits 

 of another species, O. macrocarpus, Pers. 



Observe specimen of Broussa Tea ( Vaccinium Arcto- 

 stajohylos, L.), used at Broussa and sold at about Sd, per 

 pound. 



Heath. Order {E^Hcaceae), All woody plants, often 

 bearing beautiful flowers, abounding in the temperate 

 parts of the world, and the mountains of intertropical 

 countries. Heaths are remarkably numerous in species 

 at the Cape of Good Hope. In Europe, numerous indi- 

 viduals of two or three species cover very large areas, as 

 the common Ling or Heather {Calluna vulgaris, Sal.). 

 Note a Besom of this species on the top of the case. 



Observe woods of species of Arbutus remarkable for 

 the smooth chocolate-coloured bark. 



Also leaves of the Bear-berry {Arctostaphylos Uva- 

 ursi, Spreng.), a dwarf sub-alpine shrub found in Europe, 

 North Asia, and North America. The leaves have astrin- 

 gent properties, and are used in medicine chiefly in the 

 form of infusion. 



A specimen of cake made from the compressed fruits 

 of Gaultheria Shallon, Pursh, from Vancouver Island, is 

 also here exhibited. 



Note leaves, and oil distilled from the leaves of the 

 Spring Winter Green or Partridge Berry (Gaul- 

 theria procumhensj L.), a dwarf shrub of North-West 

 America. The leaves are used as an aromatic stimulant, 

 and in some parts of North America as a substitute for 

 China tea, under the name of Mountain or Salvador tea. 



No. 341. Woody Root, Tobacco Pipes in the 

 rough, and a finished Pipe of the Tree Heath (Erica 

 arborea, L.), from the South of Europe. This wood is 

 the Briar Root of commerce, so much used for making 

 pipes and chiefly produced at the present time in Calabria ; 

 the blocks being cut into shape upon the spot and shipped 



