147 



an adulteration as one per cent. Castile soap is made of CASE 

 olive oil and soda. 75. 



On a lower shelf observe IBOTA Wax from Tokio, 

 Japan, obtained from Ligustnim Ihota, Sieb., and 

 probably the secretion of a Coccus, 



Note also Chinese White Wax and candles prepared 

 with the same. 



Mustard Tree Order {Salvadoraceae), a small group 

 of trees or shrubs, natives of hot countries, of but little 

 economic value. 



Observe wood, bark, fruits, and oil of Tooth-Brush 

 Tree {Salvadora persica, L.). A small glaucous tree 

 of India, Ceylon, Arabia, &c. The Mahomedans of 

 Persia form tooth-brushes of the twigs. The bark has 

 an odour like cress and the root-bark is very acrid and 

 acts as a vesicant. The leaves are eaten as salad, and are 

 also given as fodder to cattle. The seeds yield an oil. 



Dogbane Order (Apocynaceae). Erect or twining 

 shrubs, often with a milky, elastic, and sometimes very 

 poisonous juice, mostly natives of the tropics. The 

 Periwinkle ( Vinca) of our gardens belongs to the Order. 



The remainder of this Case and a portion of the next 

 is devoted to illustrations of India-rubber or caoutchouc- 

 producing plants. 



Observe dried mounted specimen of Leuconotis eugeni- 

 folius^ A. DC, an evergreen shrub of Penang, Sumatra, 

 and Borneo, and one of the sources of the Borneo Rubber, 

 known under the name of Menungan. Note also a 

 portion of the stem, and a sample of Rubber from 

 Leuconotis Griffithiiy Hook, f., an evergreen shrub of 

 Malacca. 



Near these are portions of stems and rubber from 

 Willughheia firma, Blume, a large climber of Singapore, 

 Sumatra, and Borneo. In both Borneo and Singapore it 

 is said to yield the " GUTTA SiNGARlP." Note also 

 specimens of Willughheia flavescenSj Dyer, a large climber, 

 yielding rubber, from Singapore. 



On a lower shelf are samples of rubber and of the 

 edible fruits of Willughheia edulis, Roxb., an immense 

 climber of India, Burma, Malacca, and Borneo. Also 

 fruits, portions of stem and rubber from species of 



