1^1 



exported from Zanzibar and Madagascar . into India, CASE 

 where it is used for burning the bodies of Hindoos. XO^y 



No. 444. Figures carved in wood of Givotia 

 rottleriformiSy Griff. The wood is exceedingly light, very- 

 soft, but even-grained, and is much used in India for 

 making toys as here shown. The seeds yield an oil 

 valuable for lubricating fin6 machinery. > 



/I tr 

 »,. ii. 



No. 445. Gbara or MANigOBA Rubber and specimen 

 of the plant yielding the rubber (Manihot Olaziovii, 

 Muell. Arg.), a South American tree, which has been 

 introduced into India, Ceylon, and many other tropical 

 countries. The tree grows rapidly and yields rubber of 

 excellent quality. Of the specimens in the Case note a 

 complete series of articles and photographs illustrating 

 the cultivation and preparation of rubber in the Nilgiris. 

 Specimens are also shown of the tuberous roots and starch 

 prepared from them. 



No. 446. Cassava or Mandiocca Meal, obtained CASE 

 from the root of two species of Manihot (M. utilissima, X07. 

 Pohl, and M. palmata, Muell. Arg.) ; the former Bitter, 

 the latter Sweet Cassava. 



The juice of Bitter Cassava, which contains Hydrocyanic 

 (Prussic) acid, is highly poisonous. Cassava is grown 

 chiefly in Brazil, Peru, and on the African Coast, — forming 

 a main article of native food. The roots of Bitter Cassava, 

 which are often large, weighing from 30 to 40 pounds, 

 contain much farinaceous matter. They are grated after 

 washing, the poisonous juice separated by pressure, and 

 the residue made into thin cakes (No. 447), which are, 

 baked. Prussic acid being volatile, the heat dissipates th« 

 remaining poison. 



Observe Cassareep, the concentrated juice of Manihot 

 roots rendered harmless by boiling. It is largely used in 

 the West Indies for culinary purposes, and in this country 

 as the basis for many table sauces. 



^ No. 448. Taptoca. A very pure form of Starch,^ 

 "iyhich settles from the water employed to wash Cassava"^ 

 ineal. It is granulated upon hot plates. A close imitation 

 61 Tapioca is prepared from potato starch. 



