100 THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA. 



pale brown, first femora darker, first coxa» dark-brown below. Apical and preapical bristles 

 on first and second tibia;, preapicals on third. 



Abdomen gray, each segment with a wide interrupted dark-brown band on its posterior 

 margin; these bands reach the anterior margin near the lateral edges of the segments, but, 

 at least on the three basal segments, there is a gray spot between this point and the lateral 

 margin. 



Wings clear, first vein black at tip. Costal index about 3.4; fourth-vein index about 1.8; 

 5x index about 1.3; 4c index about 0.9. 



Specimens examined: Vienna, Austria (Pokorny, det. Kert^sz); Barce- 

 lona, Spain (J. Arias); Lourenco Marques, Africa (C. W. Howard); Olaa^ 

 Hawaii (W. H. Ashmead); Fall River (N. S. Easton), Brookline (U. S. 

 Nat. Mus. coll.), Massachusetts; Maspeth (Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, coll.), 

 New York, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (C. W. Johnson); 

 Branchville, Maryland (F. E. L. Beal) ; Washington, District of Columbia 

 (W. L. McAtee) ; Virginia, near Plummer's Island (R. C. Shannon) ; Black 

 Mountains, North Carolina (N. Banks); Camp Jackson, South Carolina; 

 Nashville, Tennessee (H. S. Barber); Daytona (B. B. Horton), Lakeland 

 (C. W. Metz), Key West, Florida; New Orleans, -Louisiana (P. Viosca); 

 San Diego (E. A. Schwarz), Brownsville (Townsend), Texas; Tampico, 

 Mexico (T. E. Holloway); Alajuelo (A. Busck), Panama, Republic of 

 Panama; Guantanamo (C. T. Ramsden), Guareiras, Havana, Cuba; 

 Sanchez, Haiti (F. E. Watson); Kingston, Jamaica (C. W. Johnson); 

 Roseau, Dominica (F. E. Lutz); Posorja, Ecuador (F. Campos); Ceara, 

 Brazil (F. D. da Rocha) ; Buenos Aires, Argentina (U. S. Nat. Mus. coll.) ; 

 Bermuda (F. M. Jones). 



Described from Madeira; recorded from the Seychelles by Lamb; from 

 Italy, Gold Coast, Calcutta by Bezzi; from Austria and Ashantee by Mik; 

 from Morocco by Becker. The type locality for D. nigropundata is Java; 

 that for D. marmoria is the Auckland Islands. 



The descriptions of any of the species listed at the head of this section 

 would fit the following two species as well as this one, except that D. adspersa 

 could not well be D. mulleri. I have seen the type of D. punctulata, and it 

 is the form here described. The two forms described next in this paper are 

 not known to occur outside of the New World, while I have seen this one 

 from two localities in Europe and one in Africa. Since all the names in 

 question were applied to Palaearctic or Oriental specimens, it seems safe to 

 suppose that this is the species involved. The types of D. repleta were 

 collected about houses, which is in agreement with the habits of this form. 



That the present species is distinct from the two following would certainly 

 not be a legitimate conclusion from a study of ordinary pinned material, 

 but has been abundantly demonstrated by breeding experiments. Neither 

 of those species will cross at all with this one, though all are easily bred in 

 the laboratory in pure stocks. In life the three forms are somewhat more 

 different than appears from pinned material. The most conspicuous 

 difference is in the color of the eyes. D. mulleri has bright red eyes, similar 

 to those of the vermilion mutant of D. melanogaster. The other two forms 

 have deeper, more brownish eyes. When old their eyes are much alike, but 

 in young specimens D. hydei has a more reddish or wine-colored eye, D. 

 repleta a deep sepia one. D. repleta averages somewhat larger in size than 

 the other two, and breeds a little more slowly. Dr. Metz has shown that 

 D. repleta and D. mulleri differ in the shape of their X chromosomes. 



Drosophila repleta is evidently an introduced species in this country and 

 in Europe. It is probably of tropical origin. The following dates represent 

 the earliest authentic records for various parts of the world that are known 

 to me: 1858, Madeira; 1862, Cuba; 1886, Austria, West Africa; 1892, 



