116 THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA. 



is absent. Four of the 5 cosmopolitan species of Drosophila occur in 

 Australia at least; and the fifth, D. repleta, is probably to be recog- 

 nized in D. marmoria Hutton (New Zealand) and D. nigropunctata van 

 der Wulp (Java). It is recorded from Calcutta (Bezzi). Gitona 

 perspicax Knab occurs both in the Oriental region and in Hawaii. 

 This leaves 91 of the total of 97 recognized species as endemic. 

 The 1 1 genera are distributed as follows within the region : 



Apsinoia: Formosa, Java, New Guinea. 



Camilla: Java. 



Curtonolum: Philippines. 



Drosophila: New Zealand to Philippines, Java, and India. 



Gitona: India, Philippines. 



Leucophenga: Australia to Formosa, Java, and the Nicobars. 



Mycodrosophila: Java. 



Scaptomyza: Java. 



Stegana: New Guinea to Formosa and Ceylon. 



Zaprionus: Java, India. 



Zygothrica: Simalu (off Sumatra). 



Australia and New Zealand have been included here only because 

 our present knowledge of them makes any other treatment out of the 

 question. The total number of species described from them is 10, 

 of which 4, or probably 5, are cosmopolitan, while the descriptions 

 of 3 of the others are quite inadequate. Only 2 genera {Drosophila 

 and Leucophenga) are represented. New Guinea is also hard to 

 classify, as only 6 species of the subfamily are recorded from it. These 

 6 species belong to the genera Apsinota (1), Drosophila (3), Leuco- 

 phenga (1), and Stegana (1). Two of these are Walker species and 

 therefore doubtful. The same species of Apsinoia is also recorded 

 from Java. 



De Meijere has described more than 60 oriental species of Droso- 

 philinae, mostly from Java, with a few from Sumatra and Simalu. 

 Formosa and the Philippines are fairly well known. The rest of the 

 region is practically unexplored. There must be very many unde- 

 scribed species in India, the Malay peninsula, Borneo, and other parts 

 of the region. 



POLYNESIAN REGION. 



With the exception of Drosophila coffeina Schiner, from Tahiti, all 

 the Polynesian records are from the Hawaiian Islands.* The genera 

 Idiomyia and Titanochceta are endemic. None of the other genera of 

 the subfamily are recorded except Drosophila and Gitona, and the 

 latter is perhaps introduced. Only 3 of the 5 species here considered 

 to be cosmopolitan are recorded — Drosophila immigrans, D. melano- 

 gaster, and D. repleta. Gitona perspicax Knab, which also occurs in 

 the Oriental region, is the only other species known from any other 

 region. This leaves 48 of the 52 species as endemic. 



* I had overlooked the fact that Jepson (1917, Ann. Rept. Div. Ent., Dept. Agric. Fiji, 1916, 

 16) records Drosophila melanogaster from Fiji. 



