no STUDIES IN INSECT LIFE, ETC. 



specific names which systematists have applied 

 to deep-sea forms. 



One of the most novel experiments carried on 

 by the " Michael Sars " was measuring, at vary- 

 ing depths, the actual velocity and strength of 

 the current which passes in and out of the Straits 

 of Gibraltar. By the use of Ekman's Current- 

 meter, Dr. Helland-Hansen was enabled to add 

 very largely to our knowledge of the rate at which 

 the upper water sweeps eastward from the Atlantic 

 into the Mediterranean, and the deeper waters 

 sweep west. Hourly variations were very marked, 

 and at times even the upper current went west- 

 wards. These variations appear to coincide with 

 certain tidal movements. 



Another remarkable feature of the Atlantic 

 cruise was the number of nets and trawls the 

 " Michael Sars " was able to keep out at once. 

 Sometimes as many as seven or eight or even ten 

 were dragging through the water at different 

 levels, on the same line. In this way very large 

 collections were made at certain determined hori- 

 zons, and these have now been or are being worked 

 out and will be published in full under the auspices 

 of the Bergen Museum. It is interesting to note 

 that the " Michael Sars " in its numerous dredg- 



