ZOOLOGY IN TIME OF SHAKESPEARE 263 



Shakespeare knew his dogs, and like all good 

 men loved them : " she hath more qualities than 

 a water-spaniel ; which is much in a bare Chris- 

 tian " ("Two Gent./' III. i. 271). He must have 

 kept a water-spaniel. 



One or two other expressions used by Shakes- 

 peare are now obsolete. Titania's " rere-mice " 

 (" Mid. Night's Dream/' II. ii. 4) are bats ; Fal- 

 stafFs " gibbed cat " is a gelded cat ; the puttock, 

 a kite ; the moldwarp with which Glendower 

 bored Hotspur is the mole (cf. the German Maul- 

 wurf) ; the " lugged bear " was a baited bear. 

 Certain animals such as the lion, the leopard, the 

 tiger, the panther, the bear, the camel, the rhinoc- 

 eros, and perhaps the ostrich were known in 

 Elizabethan times in menageries. The frequent 

 and on the whole unflattering mention of the cat 

 seems to indicate that Shakespeare was aware that 

 many people, like Queen Victoria and Lord 

 Roberts, have an instinctive dislike to that 

 mammal ; he may have shared it. 



To the category of recorded creatures belong 

 the ape and monkey : 



" The strain of man's bred out 

 Into baboon and monkey." 



as Apemantus says (" Timon of A./' I. i. 260), and 



