Contents. xxxi 



ON THE FINAL CAUSES OF TRANSFORMATION. 



I. 



THE ORIGIN OF THE MARKINGS OF CATERPILLARS. 



Introduction^ p. 161. 



I. 



Ontogeny and Morphology of Sphinx Markings, p. 177. 



The genus Chcerocampa, 177; C. Elpenor, 177; C. Porcellus, 184. 

 Results of the development of these species and comparison with 

 other species of the genus, 188. The genus Deilephila, 199; D. 

 Euphorbia, 201 ; D. Nicoza, 207 ; D. Dahlii, 208 ; D. Vespertilio, 

 209; D. Galii, 211; D. Livornica, 215; D. Zygophylli, 217; D. 

 Hippophaes, 218. Summary of facts and conclusions from this 

 genus, 223. The genus Smerinthus, 232 ; S. Tilicz, 233 ; S. 

 Populi, 236 ; S. Ocellatus, 240. Results of the development of 

 these species, 242. The genus Macroglossa, 245 ; M. Stellatarum, 

 245 ; comparison of this with other species, 253. The genus 

 Pterogon, 255; P. (Enotherce, 256; comparison with other species, 

 256. The genus Sphinx, 259 ; S. Ligustri, 259; comparison with 

 other species, 261. The genus Anceryx> 264; A. Pinastri, 265; 

 comparison with other species, 268. 



II. 



Conclusions from Phylogeny, p. 270. 



The Ontogeny of Caterpillars is a much abbreviated but slightly 

 falsified repetition of the Phylogeny, 270. Three laws of de- 

 velopment, 274. The backward transference of new characters to 

 younger stages is the result of an innate law of growth, 278. Proof 

 that new characters always originate at the end of the development ; 

 the red spots of S. Tilia, 282. 



III. 



Biological Value of Marking in general, p. 285. 



Markings of Caterpillars most favourable to inquiry, 285. Are 

 the Sphinx- markings purely morphological, or have they a biological 

 value ? 287. 



