APPENDIX II. 



EXPERIMENTS WITH PAPILIO AjAX. 1 



FROM eggs of var. Telamonides laid on the last of May 

 larvae were obtained, which gave on June 2.?nd 26th, 

 122 pupae. These, as fast as formed, were placed on ice 

 in the refrigerator in small tin boxes, and when all the 

 larvae had become transformed the pupae were trans- 

 ferred to a cylindrical tin box (4 in. diam. and 6 in. 

 high), and packed in layers between fine shavings. The 

 tin box was set in a small wooden one, which was put 

 directly on the ice aiid kept there till July 2Oth. From 

 that date, by an unfortunate accident, the box, instead 

 of being kept on the surface of the ice in an ice-house, 

 as was intended, was placed on straw near the ice, so 

 that the action of the cold was modified, the outside 

 pupae certainly experiencing its full effects, but the in- 

 side ones were probably at a somewhat higher tempera- 

 ture. The ice failed on August 2oth, so that the pupae 

 had been subjected to an equable low temperature in 

 the refrigerator for three to four weeks, and to a lesser 

 degree of cold in the ice-house for five weeks, the tem- 



1 The experiments upon Papilio Ajax and Phydodes Tharos, 

 described in this Appendix, were made by Mr. W. H. Edwards 

 (see his " Butterflies of North America;" also the " Canadian 

 Entomologist," vol. vii. p. 228 240, and vol. ix. p. i 10, 51 

 5, and 203 6) ; and I have added them, together with some 

 hitherto unpublished results, to Dr. Weismann's Essay, in order 

 to complete the history of the subject of seasonal dimorphism 

 up to the present time. R.M. 



