1 50 Appendix. 



a few hours each day rose as the ice melted, and was 

 found to be 3 6 R. 



From the fourteen-day lot 7 butterflies were obtained, 

 3 males and 4 females. From the twenty-day lot 4 

 males and I female ; every one Umbrosa. All had 

 changed in one striking particular. In the normal Urn- 

 brosa of both sexes, 8 the fore wings have on the upper 

 side on the costal margin next inside the hind marginal 

 border, and separated from it by a considerable fulvous 

 space, a dark patch which ends a little below the dis- 

 coidal nervule ; inside the same border at the inner 

 angle is another dark patch lying on the submedian 

 interspace. Between these two patches, across all the 

 median interspaces, the ground colour is fulvous, very 

 slightly clouded with dark. 



In all the 4 females exposed to cold for fourteen 

 days a broad black band appeared crossing the whole 

 wing, continuous, of uniform shade, covering the two 

 patches, and almost confluent from end to end with the 

 marginal border, only a streak of obscure fulvous any- 

 where separating the two. In the case of the females 

 from pupae exposed for twenty days, the band was 

 present, but while broad, and covering the space be- 

 tween the patches, it was not so dark as in the other 

 females, and included against the border a series of 

 obscure fulvous lunules. This is just like many normal 

 females, and this butterfly was essentially unchanged. 



In all the males the patches were diffuse, that at the 

 apex almost coalescing with the border. In the 3 

 from chrysalides exposed fourteen days these patches 

 were connected by a narrow dark band (very different 

 from the broad band of the females), occupying the same 

 position as the clouding of the normal male, but 

 blackened and somewhat diffused. In the 4 examples 



8 Figures of the different forms of this species are given in 

 vol. i. of Edward's ''Butterflies of North America." 



