The Origin of the Markings of Caterpillars. 263 



system of classification, since this species is deep 

 black with narrow yellow rings, the horn and last 

 segment being red. 



The large and most striking caterpillar of M. 

 Hasdrubal is the same which Wallace has made 

 use of for his theory of the brilliant colours of 

 caterpillars. The explanation of the origin of 

 this widely divergent mode of marking could only 

 be furnished by the ontogeny, in which one or 

 another of the older phyletic stages will certainly 

 have been preserved. 



fails. With reference to the larva of A. Atropos, Mr. Mansel 

 Weale states (Proc. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. v.) that in S. Africa the 

 ordinary form feeds generally on Solanacea, whilst the darker 

 and rarer variety is found only on species of Lantana. The 

 following species of these subfamilies are figured by Burmeister : 

 Amphonyxjatropha (loc. tit. PI. XL, Fig. i); Protoparce (Diludia) 

 Florestan, Cram. (Fig. 2); Sphinx Justicicz, Walk. (Fig. 3); 

 Protoparce (Diludia} Lichenea, Walk. (Fig. 4); Sphinx (Protoparce) 

 Cingidata, Fabr. (PI. XII., Fig. i); and Sphinx Cestri (Fig. 5). 

 All these species have the characteristic Sphinx-like markings. 

 Dilophonota Ello, Linn. (PL XII., Fig. 2), is greenish-brown with 

 a yellow subdorsal line, and D. Hippothb'on (Fig. 4), yellow with 

 a whitish subdorsal. Neither of these has oblique stripes. 

 D. (Enotrus, Cram. (Fig. 3), has neither stripes nor subdorsal, 

 but is uniform brown above, passing into green beneath. 

 Protoparce Albiplaga, Walk. (PI. XIIL, Fig. 2, also Merian, 

 PI. III., and Abbot and Smith, L, PL XXIV.), pale green with 

 large yellow, black-bordered patches surrounding the spiracles. 

 Psendosphinx Tetrio, Linn. (PL XIIL, Fig. 3), and P. Scyron 

 (Fig. 4) are black with broad transverse belts, yellow and white 

 respectively, encircling the middle of each segment. These 

 light bands serve very effectively to break up the uniform 

 surface of the large bodies of these insects. R.M.] 



