168 SURGICAL APPLIED ANATOMY. [Chap. ix. 



Skin of face and neck = submaxillary, parotid, 

 and superficial cervical glands. 



External ear = superficial cervical glands. 



Lower Up = submaxillary and suprahyoid glands. 



Bticcal cavity = submaxillary glands and deep 

 cervioal glands (upper set). 



Gunis of lower jaw = submaxillary glands. 



Tongue. Anterior portion = suprahyoid and sub- 

 maxillary glands. Posterior portion = deep cervical 

 glands (upper set). 



Tonsils and palate = deep cervical glands (upper 

 set). 



Pharynx. Upper part = parotid and retro-plia- 

 ryngeal glands. Lower part = deep cervical glands 

 (upper set). 



Larynx, orbit, and roof of mouth = deep cervical 

 glands (upper set). 



JVa#i7/o,ssfe=retro-pharyngeal glands, deep cervical 

 glands (upper set). Some lymphatics from posterior 

 part of the fossje enter the parotid glands.* 



Branchial fistulas. Certain congenital fistula} 

 are sometimes met with in the neck, which are due to 

 partial persistence of one of the branchial clefts. 

 These clefts are placed in the foetus between the 

 branchial arches. The arches are usually described 

 as five in number. The first lays the foundation for 

 the lower jaw. From the second are developed the 

 incus, the styloid process, the stylo-hyoid ligament 

 and lesser cornu of the hyoid bone. From the third 

 is formed the body and greater cornu of the 

 hyoid bone, while the fourth and fifth take part 

 in the formation of the soft parts of the neck 

 below the hyoid bone. The first cleft is between 

 the first and second arches. " The cervical branchial 

 fistulse appear congenitally as very fine canals 

 opening into minute orifices in one or both sides 

 * From "Scrofula, and its Gland Diseases," by the Author. 



