l8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM. 



Camps and fly control. The control of flies under camp con- 

 ditions is difficult, and the following excellent summary gives the 

 essentials in a successful effort to keep these pests within bounds : 



Flies breed in scrapings from the picket line as well as the better 

 known materials, such as kitchen garbage. 



Excreta were cared for in the usual fly-proof latrine boxes, the 

 pits being burned out daily with crude oil and hay, filled up, and 

 new ones dug when necessary. Solid matter from the kitchen was 

 burned on open fires, the liquids being evaporated by one means or 

 another on these or on separate fires. 



Picket lines were scraped daily, burned once a week, and the 

 material hauled to the dump along with ashes and burned tin cans 

 from the kitchen. 



Preventive measures consisted in burning kitchen garbage, in 

 cleaning the picket lines each morning, particular care being taken 

 to prevent holes, and once a week the surface was burned off in 

 the usual manner. A space was marked on the dump and all 

 scrapings from the picket lines were hauled out and spread over 

 this area. It is important not to allow the manure to be spread 

 thicker than 4 inches; otherwise it will not dry out quickly. It is 

 also important to have the surface completely covered since it will 

 be easier to" burn. 



All kitchens were screened and every effort made to prevent the 

 pollution of ground in and around the kitchens. Polluted areas, 

 should these occur, should be immediately scraped, the scrapings 

 burned and the spot covered with lime. All solid and liquid garb- 

 age must be burned immediately and no soiled vessels allowed 

 around. 



Each company should provide itself with at least two dozen fly 

 swatters, the more the better. It should turn out a detail of 20 

 men to swat flies each morning or evening, or both, in the kitchens, 

 mess shacks, storage tents, etc. Every company should make a 

 number of fly traps and keep them baited at all times, cleaning 

 them every morning and rebaiting them. Rear orderlies were re- 

 quired to keep fly swatters at all times in the rear and to kill all 

 flies in the rear several times a day. The hospital corps was turned 

 out each day to assist in killing flies and to supervise the manage- 

 ment of fly traps. These measures were supplemented by the use 

 of a formalin poison. 41 



41 Michie. Mil. Surg., 35:132-48. 1914. 



