1 6 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Fumigants. Phenol-camphor is prepared by heating and liquefy- 

 ing carbolic acid crystals and then pouring the fluid over an equal 

 quantity of camphor gum. Fumigation with 4 ounces of this to 

 looo cubic feet of space, continued for 2 hours, destroys flies and 

 mosquitoes. The phenol-camphor is vaporized by heat. Not more 

 than 8 or 10 ounces should be placed in a basin, preferably of agate- 

 ware, and rapidly volatilized over a lamp or other flame, care being 

 taken not to overheat the dish or ignite its contents. 39 



Formaldehyde 40 per cent, used at the rate of i pound to 8 ounces 

 of potassium permanganate to each looo cubic feet of space, de- 

 stroyed practically all flies, provided the room was left closed for 4 

 hours. The permanganate should be spread evenly over the bottom 

 of a large enameled pan and the 40 per cent formaldehyde (un- 

 diluted) poured over it, the room previously being made nearly gas- 

 tight. 39 



Fly baits. Flies are attracted to very many organic compounds. 

 Sweet milk combined with bread is one of the best, though it is 

 not considered by some equally attractive as formalin or alcohol 

 mixtures. Beer is very attractive. Overripe fruit and stale meat 

 draw many flies. Dry blood is more attractive than flesh and de- 

 composed meat or fish. The offensive odor of some of the above 

 precludes their use as bait in many places. 



Sticky fly papers are very generally employed for capturing these 

 pests indoors. There are several forms upon the market, all cheap 

 and mostly very effective. 



The following mixtures are recommended for trapping flies in 

 case the commercial fly papers are not readily available: (i) 6 

 parts colophony, 4 parts rape seed oil, 3 parts resin, melted to- 

 gether; (2) 8 parts resin, 4 parts each of turpentine and rape seed 

 oil, Y-2 part honey; (3) i pound resin, 3 ounces each of molasses 

 and linseed oil, boiled together to form a thick paste. 40 



Fly traps. Various designs have been used somewhat exten- 

 sively during the last few years and are of material assistance, par- 

 ticularly in keeping flies out of dwellings or other shelters, and 

 there is no reason why they should not be used to some extent, at 

 least, in stables and barns. They are simple in construction, by no 

 means expensive, and require little attention. The essentials are an 

 attractive bait, readily accessible to the insects and so arranged that 

 after feeding, the flies will naturally ascend toward the light and 



39 Howard. State Ent. Minn, I5th Rep't, p. 57-60. 1914. 



40 Rev. Appl. Ent, 4:53, 1916; Queensland Agr. Jour., 4:352. 



