112 THE GRAPE IN KANSAS. 



running through the tissues of the vine, and appears on the side of the leaves as 

 a whitish spot. Another disease is anthracnose, of European origin, which at- 

 tacks the leaves, twigs, and green shoots ; its common name is bird's-eye rot. It 

 first attacks the fruit ; as it progresses it leaves bits of diseased tissue upon the 

 shoots and leaves. It is related to black rot. Remedies for the above dis- 

 eases: Spray with copper sulphate for black rot, and Bordeaux mixture for 

 downy mildew, and ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate and kerosene emul- 

 sion for anthracnose (six ounces pulverized ammonia carbonate and one ounce 

 of copper carbonate, in ten gallons of water). Grapes should be sacked to keep 

 in perfect condition. Agawam, Goethe, Lindley, Wilder, Salem and Delaware 

 were killed to the ground. Champion was injured. Diseased grape-vines should 

 be trimmed in the fall, [and the trimmings] raked up and burned. Spray early 

 in the spring, when the buds begin to swell. As commercial grapes, I would 

 recommend Moore's Early, Worden and Concord for black ; as table grapes, 

 Niagara, Moore's Diamond and Green Mountain for white, Moyer, Delaware, 

 Lindley and Goethe for red and pink. New grapes are Campbell's Early and 

 Green Mountain. 



MR. KENOYER: In regard to the speaker's recommendations of three different 

 spray materials, all virtually the same, for the three different grape diseases he 

 mentions, it seems to me it would require so much spraying that it would not be 

 profitable. By using the one mixture, which contains virtually the same fungi- 

 cide that the other two contain, the one spraying for all diseases would "kill all 

 three birds at one shot." 



MR. CHANDLER : I advised using the copper-sulphate early in the spring, and 

 after the leaves were out I would use the Bordeaux mixture. 



MR. KENOYER: In using the copper-sulphate solution, most of us cannot 

 afford to buy a barrel spray pump ; but if we use one that is not copper-lined 

 throughout, with that mixture, without the lime, we would destroy our pump 

 in one season, while putting the lime in would make it last for perhaps eight or ten 

 years, and, with the lime in it, the mixture will accomplish the same end and 

 save our pumps. 



WHY SOME GRAPES FAIL TO FRUIT. 

 By F. H. HALL, in Bulletin No. 157 of New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 



Careful observation among grape culturists long ago noted the fact that some 

 varieties failed, for unknown reasons, to set fruit. Barry, Herbert, Brighton, 

 Eumelan and several other varieties, when set alone in vineyards, or in blocks 

 remote from other sorts, proved shy bearers, producing only a few bunches of a 

 straggling character, or were complete failures. These same grapes, in vine- 

 yards no more favorably located but composed of mixed varieties, gave heavy 

 yields of large and complete bunches. What caused this ? Every grower knows 

 that certain varieties of strawberries will not fruit when set alone, because the 

 stamens which should furnish the pollen, or male element, are lacking. The 

 flowers of cultivated grapes, however, are perfect, so the defect in this case is not 

 evident to any casual inspection. It had been suggested that the flowers of these 

 capriciously fruiting varieties are self-sterile; that is, that they will not become 

 fruitful under the influence of pollen from flowers of the same variety; but no 

 systematic investigation on this subject had been made previous to this station's 

 work. 



Do these varieties known to be shy bearers require pollen from other varieties 

 to insure fruiting ? If so, how general is this defect among the cultivated varie- 



